मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-314
राजा स्तेनेन गन्तव्यो मुक्तकेशेन धावता ।
आचक्षाणेन तत स्तेयमेवङ्कर्माऽस्मि शाधि माम ॥३१४॥
आचक्षाणेन तत स्तेयमेवङ्कर्माऽस्मि शाधि माम ॥३१४॥
314. rājā stenena gantavyo muktakeśena dhāvatā ,
ācakṣāṇena tat steyamevaṅkarmā'smi śādhi mām.
ācakṣāṇena tat steyamevaṅkarmā'smi śādhi mām.
314.
rājā stenena gantavyaḥ muktakeśena dhāvatā
ācakṣāṇena tataḥ steyam evaṃkarmā asmi śādhi mām
ācakṣāṇena tataḥ steyam evaṃkarmā asmi śādhi mām
314.
stenena dhāvatā muktakeśena ācakṣāṇena tataḥ
steyam evaṃkarmā asmi mām śādhi rājā gantavyaḥ
steyam evaṃkarmā asmi mām śādhi rājā gantavyaḥ
314.
The king should be approached by a thief running with unbound hair, who confesses: 'I am the one who committed this theft (steya); punish me.'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- राजा (rājā) - king, ruler
- स्तेनेन (stenena) - by a thief, by a robber
- गन्तव्यः (gantavyaḥ) - to be gone to, to be approached, suitable for going
- मुक्तकेशेन (muktakeśena) - describing the thief who should approach the king (by one with unbound hair)
- धावता (dhāvatā) - describing the thief who should approach the king while running (by one running, by one fleeing)
- आचक्षाणेन (ācakṣāṇena) - describing the thief who confesses his crime (by one declaring, by one confessing, by one speaking)
- ततः (tataḥ) - introducing the confession (then, thence, therefore, thus)
- स्तेयम् (steyam) - the specific crime committed (theft, stolen property, act of stealing)
- एवंकर्मा (evaṁkarmā) - declaring personal responsibility for the theft (whose deed is such, who has done this action)
- अस्मि (asmi) - I am
- शाधि (śādhi) - an appeal for punishment (punish, rule, instruct)
- माम् (mām) - me
Words meanings and morphology
राजा (rājā) - king, ruler
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, sovereign
स्तेनेन (stenena) - by a thief, by a robber
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of stena
stena - thief, robber
Root: sten (class 1)
गन्तव्यः (gantavyaḥ) - to be gone to, to be approached, suitable for going
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of gantavya
gantavya - to be gone to; approachable; suitable for going
Gerundive
Future Passive Participle formed from root 'gam' with suffix '-tavya'
Root: gam (class 1)
मुक्तकेशेन (muktakeśena) - describing the thief who should approach the king (by one with unbound hair)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of muktakeśa
muktakeśa - having unbound hair; with disheveled hair
Compound type : bahuvrihi (mukta+keśa)
- mukta – released, freed, unbound
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root muc (to release) with suffix -ta
Root: muc (class 6) - keśa – hair
noun (masculine)
धावता (dhāvatā) - describing the thief who should approach the king while running (by one running, by one fleeing)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhāvat
dhāvat - running, moving swiftly
Present Active Participle
Derived from root dhāv (to run) with suffix -at
Root: dhāv (class 1)
आचक्षाणेन (ācakṣāṇena) - describing the thief who confesses his crime (by one declaring, by one confessing, by one speaking)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ācakṣāṇa
ācakṣāṇa - declaring, confessing, speaking
Present Middle Participle (śānac)
Derived from root cakṣ (to speak, tell) with upasarga ā- and śānac suffix for middle voice
Prefix: ā
Root: cakṣ (class 2)
ततः (tataḥ) - introducing the confession (then, thence, therefore, thus)
(indeclinable)
स्तेयम् (steyam) - the specific crime committed (theft, stolen property, act of stealing)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of steya
steya - theft, stolen property, act of stealing
Root: stī (class 1)
एवंकर्मा (evaṁkarmā) - declaring personal responsibility for the theft (whose deed is such, who has done this action)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of evaṃkarmā
evaṁkarmā - whose action/deed is such; one who acts in this manner
Compound type : bahuvrihi (evam+karman)
- evam – thus, in this manner, so
indeclinable - karman – action, deed, ritual, fate
noun (neuter)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अस्मि (asmi) - I am
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of as
Root: as (class 2)
शाधि (śādhi) - an appeal for punishment (punish, rule, instruct)
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of śās
Root: śās (class 2)
माम् (mām) - me
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of mad
mad - I, me (first person pronoun)