मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-389
न माता न पिता न स्त्री न पुत्रस्त्यागमर्हति ।
त्यजन्नपतितानेतान राज्ञा दण्ड्यः शतानि षट ॥३८९॥
त्यजन्नपतितानेतान राज्ञा दण्ड्यः शतानि षट ॥३८९॥
389. na mātā na pitā na strī na putrastyāgamarhati ,
tyajannapatitānetān rājñā daṇḍyaḥ śatāni ṣaṭ.
tyajannapatitānetān rājñā daṇḍyaḥ śatāni ṣaṭ.
389.
na mātā na pitā na strī na putraḥ tyāgam arhati
tyajan apatitān etān rājñā daṇḍyaḥ śatāni ṣaṭ
tyajan apatitān etān rājñā daṇḍyaḥ śatāni ṣaṭ
389.
mātā na,
pitā na,
strī na,
putraḥ na tyāgam arhati.
apatitān etān tyajan rājñā ṣaṭ śatāni daṇḍyaḥ.
pitā na,
strī na,
putraḥ na tyāgam arhati.
apatitān etān tyajan rājñā ṣaṭ śatāni daṇḍyaḥ.
389.
No mother, no father, no wife, and no son deserves abandonment. A person who abandons these blameless (relatives) should be fined six hundred (units) by the king.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no
- माता (mātā) - mother
- न (na) - not, no
- पिता (pitā) - father
- न (na) - not, no
- स्त्री (strī) - wife, woman
- न (na) - not, no
- पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son
- त्यागम् (tyāgam) - abandonment, renunciation
- अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, merits, is worthy of
- त्यजन् (tyajan) - abandoning, one who abandons
- अपतितान् (apatitān) - unfallen, not outcast, blameless
- एतान् (etān) - these
- राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king
- दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - punishable, to be punished, deserving punishment
- शतानि (śatāni) - hundreds
- षट् (ṣaṭ) - six
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
माता (mātā) - mother
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ
mātṛ - mother
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
पिता (pitā) - father
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ
pitṛ - father
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
स्त्री (strī) - wife, woman
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of strī
strī - woman, wife
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
त्यागम् (tyāgam) - abandonment, renunciation
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tyāga
tyāga - abandonment, relinquishment, renunciation
From root tyaj (to abandon) + ghañ suffix.
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: Object of 'arhati'.
अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, merits, is worthy of
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh
Root: arh (class 1)
Note: Used with the preceding subjects (mother, father, wife, son).
त्यजन् (tyajan) - abandoning, one who abandons
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tyajat
tyajat - abandoning, leaving, giving up
Present Active Participle
From root tyaj (to abandon) + śatṛ suffix.
Root: tyaj (class 1)
Note: Functions as the subject of the second sentence ('one who abandons').
अपतितान् (apatitān) - unfallen, not outcast, blameless
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of apatita
apatita - not fallen, not outcast, not degraded, blameless
Negative of Past Passive Participle
Compound of a- (not) and patita (fallen, outcast, past passive participle of pat).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+patita)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable - patita – fallen, degraded, outcast
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root pat (to fall) + kta suffix.
Root: pat (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'etān'. Refers to relatives who have not committed an offense to justify abandonment.
एतान् (etān) - these
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Note: Refers to mother, father, wife, son.
राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, prince
Note: Indicates the agent by whom the punishment is carried out.
दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - punishable, to be punished, deserving punishment
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍya
daṇḍya - punishable, to be punished, deserving punishment
Gerundive
From root daṇḍ (to punish) + ṇyaT suffix.
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
Note: Predicative adjective for 'tyajan'.
शतानि (śatāni) - hundreds
(numeral)
Note: Object of punishment, 'six hundreds'.
षट् (ṣaṭ) - six
(numeral)
Note: Modifies 'śatāni'.