मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-359
अब्राह्मणः सङ्ग्रहणे प्राणान्तं दण्डमर्हति ।
चतुर्णामपि वर्णानां दारा रक्ष्यतमाः सदा ॥३५९॥
चतुर्णामपि वर्णानां दारा रक्ष्यतमाः सदा ॥३५९॥
359. abrāhmaṇaḥ saṅgrahaṇe prāṇāntaṁ daṇḍamarhati ,
caturṇāmapi varṇānāṁ dārā rakṣyatamāḥ sadā.
caturṇāmapi varṇānāṁ dārā rakṣyatamāḥ sadā.
359.
abrāhmaṇaḥ saṅgrahaṇe prāṇāntam daṇḍam arhati
| caturṇām api varṇānām dārāḥ rakṣyatamāḥ sadā
| caturṇām api varṇānām dārāḥ rakṣyatamāḥ sadā
359.
abrāhmaṇaḥ saṅgrahaṇe prāṇāntam daṇḍam arhati,
caturṇām api varṇānām dārāḥ sadā rakṣyatamāḥ
caturṇām api varṇānām dārāḥ sadā rakṣyatamāḥ
359.
A non-brāhmaṇa (abrāhmaṇa) committing illicit sexual contact (saṅgrahaṇa) deserves punishment even unto death. For all four social classes (varṇas), wives are always to be protected with utmost care.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अब्राह्मणः (abrāhmaṇaḥ) - a non-brāhmaṇa
- सङ्ग्रहणे (saṅgrahaṇe) - in illicit sexual contact, in the case of illicit sexual contact
- प्राणान्तम् (prāṇāntam) - ending in death, resulting in loss of life, fatal
- दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment, penalty
- अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought to
- चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes (varṇas)
- दाराः (dārāḥ) - wives
- रक्ष्यतमाः (rakṣyatamāḥ) - most to be protected, to be protected with utmost care
- सदा (sadā) - always, ever
Words meanings and morphology
अब्राह्मणः (abrāhmaṇaḥ) - a non-brāhmaṇa
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abrāhmaṇa
abrāhmaṇa - non-brāhmaṇa, one who is not a brāhmaṇa
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+brāhmaṇa)
- a – not, non
indeclinable
negating prefix - brāhmaṇa – a member of the brāhmaṇa (social class)
noun (masculine)
सङ्ग्रहणे (saṅgrahaṇe) - in illicit sexual contact, in the case of illicit sexual contact
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of saṅgrahaṇa
saṅgrahaṇa - illicit intercourse, sexual transgression, embracing, seizing, collecting
प्राणान्तम् (prāṇāntam) - ending in death, resulting in loss of life, fatal
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of prāṇānta
prāṇānta - end of life, death
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+anta)
- prāṇa – life, breath
noun (masculine) - anta – end, termination
noun (masculine)
दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - punishment, penalty
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - punishment, penalty, staff, rod
अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought to
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh
Root: arh (class 1)
चतुर्णाम् (caturṇām) - of the four
(numeral)
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes (varṇas)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of varṇa
varṇa - social class (varṇa), color, letter
दाराः (dārāḥ) - wives
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dāra
dāra - wife (always masculine plural in this sense)
रक्ष्यतमाः (rakṣyatamāḥ) - most to be protected, to be protected with utmost care
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of rakṣyatama
rakṣyatama - most protectable, most to be guarded
Gerundive (future passive participle) + superlative suffix
derived from root rakṣ + ya (gerundive) + tama (superlative)
Root: rakṣ (class 1)
सदा (sadā) - always, ever
(indeclinable)