मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-375
वैश्यः सर्वस्वदण्डः स्यात संवत्सरनिरोधतः ।
सहस्रं क्षत्रियो दण्ड्यो मौण्ड्यं मूत्रेण चार्हति ॥३७५॥
सहस्रं क्षत्रियो दण्ड्यो मौण्ड्यं मूत्रेण चार्हति ॥३७५॥
375. vaiśyaḥ sarvasvadaṇḍaḥ syāt saṁvatsaranirodhataḥ ,
sahasraṁ kṣatriyo daṇḍyo mauṇḍyaṁ mūtreṇa cārhati.
sahasraṁ kṣatriyo daṇḍyo mauṇḍyaṁ mūtreṇa cārhati.
375.
vaiśyaḥ sarvasvadaṇḍaḥ syāt saṃvatsaranirodhataḥ |
sahasram kṣatriyaḥ daṇḍyaḥ mauṇḍyam mūtreṇa ca arhati
sahasram kṣatriyaḥ daṇḍyaḥ mauṇḍyam mūtreṇa ca arhati
375.
vaiśyaḥ sarvasvadaṇḍaḥ saṃvatsaranirodhataḥ syāt
kṣatriyaḥ sahasram daṇḍyaḥ ca mauṇḍyam mūtreṇa arhati
kṣatriyaḥ sahasram daṇḍyaḥ ca mauṇḍyam mūtreṇa arhati
375.
A vaiśya (vaiśya) shall suffer the confiscation of all his property and imprisonment for one year. A kṣatriya (kṣatriya) shall be fined a thousand (coins) and deserves tonsure (mauṇḍya) with urine.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a member of the third social class, a merchant, farmer
- सर्वस्वदण्डः (sarvasvadaṇḍaḥ) - punished with confiscation of all property
- स्यात् (syāt) - shall be (may be, should be, would be)
- संवत्सरनिरोधतः (saṁvatsaranirodhataḥ) - by imprisonment for a year
- सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand (coins) (a thousand)
- क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a member of the second social class, a warrior, ruler
- दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - shall be fined (punishable, to be fined, deserving punishment)
- मौण्ड्यम् (mauṇḍyam) - tonsure, shaving of the head
- मूत्रेण (mūtreṇa) - with urine
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अर्हति (arhati) - deserves (deserves, is worthy of, is entitled to)
Words meanings and morphology
वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a member of the third social class, a merchant, farmer
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya
vaiśya - a member of the third social class, a merchant, farmer
सर्वस्वदण्डः (sarvasvadaṇḍaḥ) - punished with confiscation of all property
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvasvadaṇḍa
sarvasvadaṇḍa - punished with confiscation of all property, having all property as fine
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sarvasva+daṇḍa)
- sarvasva – all one's property, entire wealth
noun (neuter) - daṇḍa – punishment, fine, stick
noun (masculine)
Note: Describes 'vaiśyaḥ'.
स्यात् (syāt) - shall be (may be, should be, would be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as
Optative Mood
3rd person singular, optative active
Root: as (class 2)
संवत्सरनिरोधतः (saṁvatsaranirodhataḥ) - by imprisonment for a year
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsaranirodha
saṁvatsaranirodha - imprisonment for a year
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (saṃvatsara+nirodha)
- saṃvatsara – year
noun (masculine) - nirodha – imprisonment, restraint, confinement
noun (masculine)
From root 'rudh' with prefix 'ni-'
Prefix: ni
Root: rudh (class 7)
Note: The suffix -taḥ implies "by means of" or "on account of".
सहस्रम् (sahasram) - a thousand (coins) (a thousand)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sahasra
sahasra - a thousand
Note: Implied object of punishment/fine.
क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a member of the second social class, a warrior, ruler
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - a member of the second social class, a warrior, ruler
दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - shall be fined (punishable, to be fined, deserving punishment)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍya
daṇḍya - punishable, to be fined, deserving punishment
Gerundive (karmaṇi prayogya)
Formed with suffix -ya from root 'daṇḍ'
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
Note: Describes 'kṣatriyaḥ'.
मौण्ड्यम् (mauṇḍyam) - tonsure, shaving of the head
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mauṇḍya
mauṇḍya - tonsure, shaving of the head
Derived from muṇḍa (shaven)
Note: Object of 'arhati'.
मूत्रेण (mūtreṇa) - with urine
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of mūtra
mūtra - urine
Note: Instrument of tonsure.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
अर्हति (arhati) - deserves (deserves, is worthy of, is entitled to)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh
Present Indicative
3rd person singular, present active
Root: arh (class 1)