मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-336
कार्षापणं भवेद दण्ड्यो यत्रान्यः प्राकृतो जनः ।
तत्र राजा भवेद दण्ड्यः सहस्रमिति धारणा ॥३३६॥
तत्र राजा भवेद दण्ड्यः सहस्रमिति धारणा ॥३३६॥
336. kārṣāpaṇaṁ bhaved daṇḍyo yatrānyaḥ prākṛto janaḥ ,
tatra rājā bhaved daṇḍyaḥ sahasramiti dhāraṇā.
tatra rājā bhaved daṇḍyaḥ sahasramiti dhāraṇā.
336.
kārṣāpaṇaṃ bhavet daṇḍyaḥ yatra anyaḥ prākṛtaḥ
janaḥ tatra rājā bhavet daṇḍyaḥ sahasraṃ iti dhāraṇā
janaḥ tatra rājā bhavet daṇḍyaḥ sahasraṃ iti dhāraṇā
336.
yatra anyaḥ prākṛtaḥ janaḥ kārṣāpaṇaṃ daṇḍyaḥ bhavet
tatra rājā sahasraṃ daṇḍyaḥ bhavet iti dhāraṇā
tatra rājā sahasraṃ daṇḍyaḥ bhavet iti dhāraṇā
336.
Where an ordinary person would be liable to a fine of one kārṣāpaṇa, there the king should be liable to a fine of a thousand (kārṣāpaṇas); this is the established rule.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कार्षापणं (kārṣāpaṇaṁ) - one kārṣāpaṇa (a unit of currency/fine) (a kārṣāpaṇa (coin))
- भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (liable to a fine) (may be, should be, would be)
- दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - liable to a fine (punishable, to be fined)
- यत्र (yatra) - where, in a case where (where, in which case)
- अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another (another, other)
- प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) - ordinary, common (natural, common, ordinary)
- जनः (janaḥ) - person (person, man, people)
- तत्र (tatra) - there, in such a case (there, in that case)
- राजा (rājā) - the king (king)
- भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (liable to a fine) (may be, should be, would be)
- दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - liable to a fine (punishable, to be fined)
- सहस्रं (sahasraṁ) - a thousand (kārṣāpaṇas) (a thousand)
- इति (iti) - this is (thus, so, in this manner)
- धारणा (dhāraṇā) - the established rule, a fixed principle (a rule, a fixed opinion, a principle, holding)
Words meanings and morphology
कार्षापणं (kārṣāpaṇaṁ) - one kārṣāpaṇa (a unit of currency/fine) (a kārṣāpaṇa (coin))
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kārṣāpaṇa
kārṣāpaṇa - a certain weight of metal, a coin (approx. 80 raktikas)
Note: Functions as the subject referring to the fine amount.
भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (liable to a fine) (may be, should be, would be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Parasmaipada form.
दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - liable to a fine (punishable, to be fined)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍya
daṇḍya - punishable, to be fined, deserving punishment
gerundive
Derived from root 'daṇḍ' (to punish).
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
यत्र (yatra) - where, in a case where (where, in which case)
(indeclinable)
अन्यः (anyaḥ) - another (another, other)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
प्राकृतः (prākṛtaḥ) - ordinary, common (natural, common, ordinary)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prākṛta
prākṛta - natural, common, ordinary, vulgar
Derived from 'prakṛti' (nature, origin).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
जनः (janaḥ) - person (person, man, people)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jana
jana - person, man, people
From root 'jan' (to be born).
Root: jan (class 1)
तत्र (tatra) - there, in such a case (there, in that case)
(indeclinable)
राजा (rājā) - the king (king)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler
Root: rāj (class 1)
Note: Subject of the main clause.
भवेत् (bhavet) - should be (liable to a fine) (may be, should be, would be)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Parasmaipada form.
दण्ड्यः (daṇḍyaḥ) - liable to a fine (punishable, to be fined)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍya
daṇḍya - punishable, to be fined, deserving punishment
gerundive
Derived from root 'daṇḍ' (to punish).
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
सहस्रं (sahasraṁ) - a thousand (kārṣāpaṇas) (a thousand)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of sahasra
sahasra - a thousand
इति (iti) - this is (thus, so, in this manner)
(indeclinable)
धारणा (dhāraṇā) - the established rule, a fixed principle (a rule, a fixed opinion, a principle, holding)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of dhāraṇā
dhāraṇā - holding, maintaining, rule, fixed opinion, principle
From root 'dhṛ' (to hold, support).
Root: dhṛ (class 1)