मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-353
तत्समुत्थो हि लोकस्य जायते वर्णसङ्करः ।
येन मूलहरोऽधर्मः सर्वनाशाय कल्पते ॥३५३॥
येन मूलहरोऽधर्मः सर्वनाशाय कल्पते ॥३५३॥
353. tatsamuttho hi lokasya jāyate varṇasaṅkaraḥ ,
yena mūlaharo'dharmaḥ sarvanāśāya kalpate.
yena mūlaharo'dharmaḥ sarvanāśāya kalpate.
353.
tat_samutthaḥ hi lokasya jāyate varṇasaṅkaraḥ
yena mūlaharaḥ adharmaḥ sarvanāśāya kalpate
yena mūlaharaḥ adharmaḥ sarvanāśāya kalpate
353.
hi lokasya tat_samutthaḥ varṇasaṅkaraḥ jāyate
yena mūlaharaḥ adharmaḥ sarvanāśāya kalpate
yena mūlaharaḥ adharmaḥ sarvanāśāya kalpate
353.
For indeed, from that (act) arises among people the confusion of social orders (varṇasaṅkara), by which unrighteousness (adharma), which destroys the very foundation, leads to the total ruin of all.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तत्_समुत्थः (tat_samutthaḥ) - arising from the act of sexual violation described in the previous verse (arising from that, born from that)
- हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
- लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world, of the people, of society
- जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, happens
- वर्णसङ्करः (varṇasaṅkaraḥ) - an undesirable mixing of social classes due to forbidden unions or actions (confusion of social orders/castes, intermixture of classes)
- येन (yena) - by which, through which
- मूलहरः (mūlaharaḥ) - uprooting, destroying the root/foundation
- अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, un(dharma), disorder
- सर्वनाशाय (sarvanāśāya) - for the destruction of all, for total ruin
- कल्पते (kalpate) - is fit, is suitable, leads to, results in
Words meanings and morphology
तत्_समुत्थः (tat_samutthaḥ) - arising from the act of sexual violation described in the previous verse (arising from that, born from that)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tat_samuttha
tat_samuttha - arising from that, produced from that
Compound type : pañcamī-tatpuruṣa (tad+samuttha)
- tad – that, it
pronoun (neuter) - samuttha – arisen, produced
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
derived from sam + ud + sthā (to stand up, arise)
Prefixes: sam+ud
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'varṇasaṅkaraḥ'.
हि (hi) - indeed, for, because
(indeclinable)
लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the world, of the people, of society
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, people, society
Root: lok (class 10)
Note: Possessive, 'of society'.
जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, happens
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of jan
Present Indicative, 3rd Person Singular (passive/ātmanepada)
derived from root jan, often used in ātmanepada
Root: jan (class 4)
वर्णसङ्करः (varṇasaṅkaraḥ) - an undesirable mixing of social classes due to forbidden unions or actions (confusion of social orders/castes, intermixture of classes)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of varṇasaṅkara
varṇasaṅkara - confusion of castes or social orders, intermixture of classes
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṇa+saṅkara)
- varṇa – color, class, caste, social order
noun (masculine)
Root: vṛ (class 5) - saṅkara – mixing, confusion, impurity
noun (masculine)
derived from sam + kṛ (to mix)
Prefix: sam
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Subject of 'jāyate'.
येन (yena) - by which, through which
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who
मूलहरः (mūlaharaḥ) - uprooting, destroying the root/foundation
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mūlahara
mūlahara - destroying the root, uprooting
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mūla+hara)
- mūla – root, foundation, origin
noun (neuter) - hara – taking away, removing, destroying
adjective/noun (masculine)
Agent Noun
derived from root hṛ (to take, seize, destroy)
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Agrees with 'adharmaḥ'.
अधर्मः (adharmaḥ) - unrighteousness, un(dharma), disorder
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adharma
adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety, disorder, anything contrary to natural law (dharma)
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
negative prefix - dharma – natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, constitution
noun (masculine)
derived from root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Subject of 'kalpate'.
सर्वनाशाय (sarvanāśāya) - for the destruction of all, for total ruin
(noun)
Dative, masculine, singular of sarvanāśa
sarvanāśa - total destruction, complete ruin
Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+nāśa)
- sarva – all, whole, entire
adjective (masculine) - nāśa – destruction, ruin, loss
noun (masculine)
derived from root naś (to perish, destroy)
Root: naś (class 4)
Note: Indicates purpose, 'for the sake of destruction'.
कल्पते (kalpate) - is fit, is suitable, leads to, results in
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of kḷp
Present Indicative, 3rd Person Singular (ātmanepada)
derived from root kḷp, used in ātmanepada
Root: kḷp (class 1)