मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-373
संवत्सराभिशस्तस्य दुष्टस्य द्विगुणो दमः ।
व्रात्यया सह संवासे चाण्डाल्या तावदेव तु ॥३७३॥
व्रात्यया सह संवासे चाण्डाल्या तावदेव तु ॥३७३॥
373. saṁvatsarābhiśastasya duṣṭasya dviguṇo damaḥ ,
vrātyayā saha saṁvāse cāṇḍālyā tāvadeva tu.
vrātyayā saha saṁvāse cāṇḍālyā tāvadeva tu.
373.
saṃvatsarābhiśastasya duṣṭasya dviguṇaḥ damaḥ
vrātyayā saha saṃvāse cāṇḍālyā tāvat eva tu
vrātyayā saha saṃvāse cāṇḍālyā tāvat eva tu
373.
saṃvatsarābhiśastasya duṣṭasya damaḥ dviguṇaḥ
tu vrātyayā saha cāṇḍālyā saṃvāse tāvat eva
tu vrātyayā saha cāṇḍālyā saṃvāse tāvat eva
373.
For an offender who has been publicly accused for a year, the penalty (dama) is double. The same amount applies to cohabitation with a degraded (vrātyā) woman or with a caṇḍāla woman.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- संवत्सराभिशस्तस्य (saṁvatsarābhiśastasya) - of one publicly accused for a year (of one accused/denounced for a year)
- दुष्टस्य (duṣṭasya) - of an offender (of a wicked person, of an offender, of a corrupted person)
- द्विगुणः (dviguṇaḥ) - double (double, twofold, two times)
- दमः (damaḥ) - penalty (dama) (fine, penalty, punishment, self-control)
- व्रात्यया (vrātyayā) - with a degraded (vrātyā) woman (with a vrātyā, with an outcast woman)
- सह (saha) - with (with, together with)
- संवासे (saṁvāse) - in cohabitation (in cohabitation, in dwelling, in living together)
- चाण्डाल्या (cāṇḍālyā) - with a caṇḍāla woman
- तावत् (tāvat) - the same amount (so much, as much, such a measure)
- एव (eva) - just, indeed (indeed, only, just)
- तु (tu) - indeed (connects the two clauses with an additional condition) (but, indeed, on the other hand)
Words meanings and morphology
संवत्सराभिशस्तस्य (saṁvatsarābhiśastasya) - of one publicly accused for a year (of one accused/denounced for a year)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of saṃvatsarābhiśasta
saṁvatsarābhiśasta - accused for a year, denounced for a year
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃvatsara+abhiśasta)
- saṃvatsara – year
noun (masculine)
Prefix: sam
Root: vas - abhiśasta – accused, denounced, cursed
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Formed from root śas (to praise, but also to curse, accuse) with prefix abhi
Prefix: abhi
Root: śas (class 2)
Note: Modifies 'duṣṭasya'.
दुष्टस्य (duṣṭasya) - of an offender (of a wicked person, of an offender, of a corrupted person)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, singular of duṣṭa
duṣṭa - wicked, bad, corrupted, offender
Past Passive Participle
From root duṣ (to be bad, corrupt)
Root: duṣ (class 4)
Note: Possessive case for 'damaḥ'.
द्विगुणः (dviguṇaḥ) - double (double, twofold, two times)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dviguṇa
dviguṇa - double, twofold
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+guṇa)
- dvi – two
indeclinable
Numeral adjective - guṇa – quality, strand, multiplier
noun (masculine)
Note: Predicative adjective for 'damaḥ'.
दमः (damaḥ) - penalty (dama) (fine, penalty, punishment, self-control)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dama
dama - fine, penalty, punishment, self-control
Root: dam
Note: Subject of the first sentence.
व्रात्यया (vrātyayā) - with a degraded (vrātyā) woman (with a vrātyā, with an outcast woman)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of vrātyā
vrātyā - a woman from a degenerate tribe, an outcast woman
Note: Co-agent in 'saṃvāse saha'.
सह (saha) - with (with, together with)
(indeclinable)
संवासे (saṁvāse) - in cohabitation (in cohabitation, in dwelling, in living together)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of saṃvāsa
saṁvāsa - cohabitation, dwelling together
Prefix: sam
Root: vas
Note: Indicates the situation for the penalty.
चाण्डाल्या (cāṇḍālyā) - with a caṇḍāla woman
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of cāṇḍālī
cāṇḍālī - a caṇḍāla woman, woman of the lowest caste
Note: Another co-agent for 'saṃvāse saha'.
तावत् (tāvat) - the same amount (so much, as much, such a measure)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used adverbially to mean 'that much' (penalty).
एव (eva) - just, indeed (indeed, only, just)
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - indeed (connects the two clauses with an additional condition) (but, indeed, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)