मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-414
न स्वामिना निसृष्टोऽपि शूद्रो दास्याद विमुच्यते ।
निसर्गजं हि तत तस्य कस्तस्मात तदपोहति ॥४१४॥
निसर्गजं हि तत तस्य कस्तस्मात तदपोहति ॥४१४॥
414. na svāminā nisṛṣṭo'pi śūdro dāsyād vimucyate ,
nisargajaṁ hi tat tasya kastasmāt tadapohati.
nisargajaṁ hi tat tasya kastasmāt tadapohati.
414.
na svāminā nisṛṣṭaḥ api śūdraḥ dāsyāt vimucyate
nisargajam hi tat tasya kaḥ tasmāt tat apohanti
nisargajam hi tat tasya kaḥ tasmāt tat apohanti
414.
śūdraḥ svāminā nisṛṣṭaḥ api dāsyāt na vimucyate
hi tat tasya nisargajam tasmāt tat kaḥ apohanti
hi tat tasya nisargajam tasmāt tat kaḥ apohanti
414.
Even if released by his master, a śūdra is not freed from servitude (dāsya). For that [servitude] is inherent in his essential nature (nisarga); who can remove that from him?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not, no
- स्वामिना (svāminā) - by the master, by the owner
- निसृष्टः (nisṛṣṭaḥ) - released by his master (released, sent forth, delegated)
- अपि (api) - even, also, too
- शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra (member of the fourth social class)
- दास्यात् (dāsyāt) - from servitude, from slavery
- विमुच्यते (vimucyate) - is freed, is liberated
- निसर्गजम् (nisargajam) - inherent in his essential nature (inherent, born of nature, natural)
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because
- तत् (tat) - that servitude (that, it)
- तस्य (tasya) - of the śūdra (of him, his)
- कः (kaḥ) - who
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that inherent nature (from that, therefore)
- तत् (tat) - that servitude (that, it)
- अपोहन्ति (apohanti) - removes, takes away
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
स्वामिना (svāminā) - by the master, by the owner
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of svāmin
svāmin - owner, master, lord
निसृष्टः (nisṛṣṭaḥ) - released by his master (released, sent forth, delegated)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nisṛṣṭa
nisṛṣṭa - released, delegated, sent forth, created
Past Passive Participle
from ni-√sṛj (to release, create)
Prefix: ni
Root: sṛj (class 6)
Note: Agrees with śūdraḥ
अपि (api) - even, also, too
(indeclinable)
शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra (member of the fourth social class)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a member of the fourth class in the traditional Hindu social system, a laborer
दास्यात् (dāsyāt) - from servitude, from slavery
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of dāsya
dāsya - servitude, slavery, state of being a servant
derived from dāsa (servant) + -ya (suffix for abstract noun)
विमुच्यते (vimucyate) - is freed, is liberated
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vimuc
Passive Voice
from vi-√muc (to release, liberate), passive formation
Prefix: vi
Root: muc (class 6)
निसर्गजम् (nisargajam) - inherent in his essential nature (inherent, born of nature, natural)
(adjective)
neuter, singular of nisargaja
nisargaja - born of nature, inherent, natural, innate
compound: nisarga (nature) + ja (born)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nisarga+ja)
- nisarga – nature, creation, inherent property, innate constitution, essential nature
noun (masculine) - ja – born, produced from, originating from
adjective
from √jan (to be born)
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Agrees with tat (referring to dāsya)
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because
(indeclinable)
तत् (tat) - that servitude (that, it)
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Refers to dāsya
तस्य (tasya) - of the śūdra (of him, his)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, his, her, its
Note: Refers to śūdra
कः (kaḥ) - who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that inherent nature (from that, therefore)
(pronoun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, from that
Note: Refers to nisarga (nature)
तत् (tat) - that servitude (that, it)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, it
Note: Refers to dāsya
अपोहन्ति (apohanti) - removes, takes away
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of apohan
from apa-√han (to strike off, remove)
Prefix: apa
Root: han (class 2)