मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-384
क्षत्रियायामगुप्तायां वैश्ये पञ्चशतं दमः ।
मूत्रेण मौण्ड्यमिच्छेत तु क्षत्रियो दण्डमेव वा ॥३८४॥
मूत्रेण मौण्ड्यमिच्छेत तु क्षत्रियो दण्डमेव वा ॥३८४॥
384. kṣatriyāyāmaguptāyāṁ vaiśye pañcaśataṁ damaḥ ,
mūtreṇa mauṇḍyamicchet tu kṣatriyo daṇḍameva vā.
mūtreṇa mauṇḍyamicchet tu kṣatriyo daṇḍameva vā.
384.
kṣatriyāyām aguptāyām vaiśye pañca-śatam damaḥ |
mūtreṇa mauṇḍyam icchet tu kṣatriyaḥ daṇḍam eva vā
mūtreṇa mauṇḍyam icchet tu kṣatriyaḥ daṇḍam eva vā
384.
vaiśye aguptāyām kṣatriyāyām pañca-śatam damaḥ tu
kṣatriyaḥ mūtreṇa mauṇḍyam vā daṇḍam eva icchet
kṣatriyaḥ mūtreṇa mauṇḍyam vā daṇḍam eva icchet
384.
For a vaiśya man who approaches an unprotected kṣatriya woman, the fine is five hundred (panas). However, a kṣatriya man who commits a similar offense should prefer tonsure with urine or indeed a fine (instead of a more severe punishment).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- क्षत्रियायाम् (kṣatriyāyām) - in/to a kṣatriya woman
- अगुप्तायाम् (aguptāyām) - unprotected, unguarded
- वैश्ये (vaiśye) - for/by a vaiśya (man)
- पञ्च-शतम् (pañca-śatam) - a fine of five hundred (panas) (five hundred)
- दमः (damaḥ) - fine (punishment, fine)
- मूत्रेण (mūtreṇa) - with urine
- मौण्ड्यम् (mauṇḍyam) - tonsure, shaving of the head
- इच्छेत् (icchet) - should wish, should prefer
- तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed
- क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kṣatriya man
- दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - fine (punishment, fine)
- एव (eva) - indeed, only (this as an option) (only, just, indeed)
- वा (vā) - or, alternatively
Words meanings and morphology
क्षत्रियायाम् (kṣatriyāyām) - in/to a kṣatriya woman
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of kṣatriyā
kṣatriyā - a woman of the kṣatriya class
Note: Denotes context of action.
अगुप्तायाम् (aguptāyām) - unprotected, unguarded
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, singular of aguptā
aguptā - unprotected, unguarded
Negative prefix 'a-' + Past Passive Participle of √gup
Compound type : karmadhāraya (a+guptā)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
negative prefix - guptā – protected, guarded
adjective (feminine)
Past Passive Participle
derived from root √gup (to protect, to conceal)
Root: gup (class 1)
वैश्ये (vaiśye) - for/by a vaiśya (man)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of vaiśya
vaiśya - a man belonging to the third (vaiśya) class, merchant, agriculturist
Note: Denotes the male perpetrator.
पञ्च-शतम् (pañca-śatam) - a fine of five hundred (panas) (five hundred)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pañca-śata
pañca-śata - five hundred
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pañcan+śata)
- pañcan – five
numeral - śata – hundred
noun (neuter)
Note: Amount of the fine.
दमः (damaḥ) - fine (punishment, fine)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dama
dama - punishment, fine, control, self-control
मूत्रेण (mūtreṇa) - with urine
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of mūtra
mūtra - urine
Note: Instrument for tonsure.
मौण्ड्यम् (mauṇḍyam) - tonsure, shaving of the head
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mauṇḍya
mauṇḍya - tonsure, shaving the head, baldness
Derived from 'muṇḍa' (shaven, bald).
Note: Public degradation.
इच्छेत् (icchet) - should wish, should prefer
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of iṣ
Optative Mood, Parasmaipada
3rd person singular Optative active of √iṣ (class 6).
Root: iṣ (class 6)
Note: Expresses a choice or preference.
तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, indeed
(indeclinable)
क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - a kṣatriya man
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - a man belonging to the second (kṣatriya) class, warrior, ruler
दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - fine (punishment, fine)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - stick, rod, staff, punishment, fine
Note: Object of 'icchet'.
एव (eva) - indeed, only (this as an option) (only, just, indeed)
(indeclinable)
वा (vā) - or, alternatively
(indeclinable)