मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-322
पञ्चाशतस्त्वभ्यधिके हस्तच्छेदनमिष्यते ।
शेषे त्वेकादशगुणं मूल्याद दण्डं प्रकल्पयेत ॥३२२॥
शेषे त्वेकादशगुणं मूल्याद दण्डं प्रकल्पयेत ॥३२२॥
322. pañcāśatastvabhyadhike hastacchedanamiṣyate ,
śeṣe tvekādaśaguṇaṁ mūlyād daṇḍaṁ prakalpayet.
śeṣe tvekādaśaguṇaṁ mūlyād daṇḍaṁ prakalpayet.
322.
pañcāśataḥ tu abhyadhike hastacchedanam iṣyate
śeṣe tu ekādaśaguṇam mūlyāt daṇḍam prakalpayet
śeṣe tu ekādaśaguṇam mūlyāt daṇḍam prakalpayet
322.
pañcāśataḥ abhyadhike tu hastacchedanam iṣyate
śeṣe tu mūlyāt ekādaśaguṇam daṇḍam prakalpayet
śeṣe tu mūlyāt ekādaśaguṇam daṇḍam prakalpayet
322.
If the value exceeds fifty, the cutting off of the hand is prescribed. In other cases, one should impose a fine eleven times the value of the stolen item.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पञ्चाशतः (pañcāśataḥ) - of fifty (units of value) (of fifty, from fifty, beyond fifty)
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, however
- अभ्यधिके (abhyadhike) - in the case of the value exceeding (fifty) (in the excess, when exceeding)
- हस्तच्छेदनम् (hastacchedanam) - cutting of the hand, amputation of the hand
- इष्यते (iṣyate) - is legally prescribed (is desired, is prescribed, is sought)
- शेषे (śeṣe) - in the remaining cases (when the value is fifty or less) (in the remainder, in the rest, in other cases)
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, however
- एकादशगुणम् (ekādaśaguṇam) - a fine that is eleven times (the value) (eleven-fold, eleven times)
- मूल्यात् (mūlyāt) - from the value (of the stolen item) (from the value, according to the value)
- दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - fine, punishment, penalty
- प्रकल्पयेत् (prakalpayet) - the authority (e.g., king) should impose (one should prescribe, one should ordain, one should impose)
Words meanings and morphology
पञ्चाशतः (pañcāśataḥ) - of fifty (units of value) (of fifty, from fifty, beyond fifty)
(numeral)
Note: Used here in the ablative to indicate 'exceeding' or 'from' a certain amount.
तु (tu) - but, indeed, however
(indeclinable)
अभ्यधिके (abhyadhike) - in the case of the value exceeding (fifty) (in the excess, when exceeding)
(adjective)
Locative, singular of abhyadhika
abhyadhika - excessive, greater, additional, abundant
Formed from `abhi` (over) and `adhika` (exceeding).
Note: Used as an adverbial locative, meaning 'in the case of excess' or 'when exceeding'.
हस्तच्छेदनम् (hastacchedanam) - cutting of the hand, amputation of the hand
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of hastacchedana
hastacchedana - cutting off the hand, amputation of the hand
Compound type : tatpurusha (hasta+chedana)
- hasta – hand
noun (masculine) - chedana – cutting, severance
noun (neuter)
From root √chid (to cut) + -ana suffix.
Root: chid (class 7)
Note: Subject of the passive verb 'iṣyate'.
इष्यते (iṣyate) - is legally prescribed (is desired, is prescribed, is sought)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of iṣ
present passive
From √iṣ, 4th class, passive voice, ātmanepada.
Root: iṣ (class 4)
शेषे (śeṣe) - in the remaining cases (when the value is fifty or less) (in the remainder, in the rest, in other cases)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śeṣa
śeṣa - remainder, rest, surplus
From √śiṣ (to leave remaining) + -a suffix.
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
तु (tu) - but, indeed, however
(indeclinable)
एकादशगुणम् (ekādaśaguṇam) - a fine that is eleven times (the value) (eleven-fold, eleven times)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ekādaśaguṇa
ekādaśaguṇa - eleven-fold, eleven times
Compound type : tatpurusha (ekādaśan+guṇa)
- ekādaśan – eleven
numeral - guṇa – fold, multiple, quality
noun (masculine)
Note: Adjective modifying 'daṇḍam'.
मूल्यात् (mūlyāt) - from the value (of the stolen item) (from the value, according to the value)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of mūlya
mūlya - value, price, worth
From `mūla` (root) + `ya` (suffix).
Note: Indicates the basis for the fine.
दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - fine, punishment, penalty
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - rod, staff, punishment, fine, penalty
From √daṇḍ (to punish).
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
Note: Object of the verb 'prakalpayet'.
प्रकल्पयेत् (prakalpayet) - the authority (e.g., king) should impose (one should prescribe, one should ordain, one should impose)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of prakalp
optative mood
From √kḷp (to be arranged, to be fit) with `pra` prefix, causative formation (`-aya`), optative mood.
Prefix: pra
Root: kḷp (class 10)
Note: Implied subject is 'the king' or 'the judge'.