मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-325
गोषु ब्राह्मणसंस्थासु छुरिकायाश्च भेदने ।
पशूनां हरणे चैव सद्यः कार्योऽर्धपादिकः ॥३२५॥
पशूनां हरणे चैव सद्यः कार्योऽर्धपादिकः ॥३२५॥
325. goṣu brāhmaṇasaṁsthāsu churikāyāśca bhedane ,
paśūnāṁ haraṇe caiva sadyaḥ kāryo'rdhapādikaḥ.
paśūnāṁ haraṇe caiva sadyaḥ kāryo'rdhapādikaḥ.
325.
goṣu brāhmaṇasaṃsthāsu churikāyāḥ ca bhedane
paśūnām haraṇe ca eva sadyaḥ kāryaḥ ardhapādikaḥ
paśūnām haraṇe ca eva sadyaḥ kāryaḥ ardhapādikaḥ
325.
brāhmaṇasaṃsthāsu goṣu churikāyāḥ bhedane ca
paśūnām haraṇe ca eva sadyaḥ ardhapādikaḥ kāryaḥ
paśūnām haraṇe ca eva sadyaḥ ardhapādikaḥ kāryaḥ
325.
For cows belonging to Brahmins, for piercing with a knife, and for the theft of animals, a fine of half a `pāda` should be imposed immediately.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- गोषु (goṣu) - in the case of cows (being harmed or stolen) (among cows, in cows, for cows)
- ब्राह्मणसंस्थासु (brāhmaṇasaṁsthāsu) - pertaining to cows owned by Brahmins (among those belonging to Brahmins, in Brahmin establishments)
- छुरिकायाः (churikāyāḥ) - of a knife, of a dagger
- च (ca) - and, also
- भेदने (bhedane) - in the act of piercing (with a knife) (in the piercing, in the breaking, in the splitting)
- पशूनाम् (paśūnām) - of animals, of beasts
- हरणे (haraṇe) - in the taking away, in the stealing, in the abduction
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, at once, forthwith
- कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - a fine should be imposed (should be done, should be imposed, feasible)
- अर्धपादिकः (ardhapādikaḥ) - a fine of half a `pāda` (a specific monetary unit) (a fine of half a `pāda`, relating to half a `pāda`)
Words meanings and morphology
गोषु (goṣu) - in the case of cows (being harmed or stolen) (among cows, in cows, for cows)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, plural of go
go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light
Note: Locative of reference, 'with respect to cows'.
ब्राह्मणसंस्थासु (brāhmaṇasaṁsthāsu) - pertaining to cows owned by Brahmins (among those belonging to Brahmins, in Brahmin establishments)
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, plural of brāhmaṇasaṃsthā
brāhmaṇasaṁsthā - belonging to Brahmins, in the possession of Brahmins, connected with Brahmins, Brahmin-owned
Compound: `brāhmaṇa` (Brahmin) + `saṃsthā` (establishment, belonging, state of being).
Compound type : tatpurusha (brāhmaṇa+saṃsthā)
- brāhmaṇa – Brahmin, relating to Brahma
noun (masculine) - saṃsthā – state, condition, establishment, belonging, end
noun (feminine)
From `sam` + √sthā.
Prefix: sam
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Adjective agreeing with 'goṣu'.
छुरिकायाः (churikāyāḥ) - of a knife, of a dagger
(noun)
Genitive, feminine, singular of churikā
churikā - knife, dagger
Diminutive of `churī` (knife).
Note: Possessive genitive, object of 'bhedane'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
भेदने (bhedane) - in the act of piercing (with a knife) (in the piercing, in the breaking, in the splitting)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of bhedana
bhedana - piercing, breaking, splitting, dividing
From √bhid (to break, split) + -ana suffix.
Root: bhid (class 7)
Note: Locative of circumstance.
पशूनाम् (paśūnām) - of animals, of beasts
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of paśu
paśu - animal, beast, cattle
Note: Genitive indicating object of theft.
हरणे (haraṇe) - in the taking away, in the stealing, in the abduction
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of haraṇa
haraṇa - taking away, seizing, stealing, abduction
From √hṛ (to take, seize) + -ana suffix.
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Indicates the circumstance or occasion for the punishment.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately, at once, forthwith
(indeclinable)
From `sa` (together) + `dyas` (day).
Note: Adverb modifying 'kāryaḥ'.
कार्यः (kāryaḥ) - a fine should be imposed (should be done, should be imposed, feasible)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kārya
kārya - to be done, proper to be done, duty, action, business, effect, to be imposed
gerundive
From √kṛ (to do) + `ya` suffix (gerundive). Used predicatively here.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Predicative adjective, implies 'a fine should be made/imposed', agreeing with an implied 'daṇḍa' or 'fine'.
अर्धपादिकः (ardhapādikaḥ) - a fine of half a `pāda` (a specific monetary unit) (a fine of half a `pāda`, relating to half a `pāda`)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ardhapādika
ardhapādika - relating to half a `pāda`, a fine of half a `pāda`
Compound: `ardha` (half) + `pāda` (quarter of a paṇa, a unit of coin/weight) + `ika` (suffix indicating belonging/relation).
Compound type : tatpurusha (ardha+pāda)
- ardha – half
adjective - pāda – foot, quarter, a unit of coin
noun (masculine)
Note: Predicative noun/adjective, describing the 'kāryaḥ' (what is to be done/imposed).