मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-273
श्रुतं देशं च जातिं च कर्म शरीरमेव च ??।
वितथेन ब्रुवन दर्पाद दाप्यः स्याद द्विशतं दमम ॥२७३॥
वितथेन ब्रुवन दर्पाद दाप्यः स्याद द्विशतं दमम ॥२७३॥
273. śrutaṁ deśaṁ ca jātiṁ ca karma śarīrameva ca ??,
vitathena bruvan darpād dāpyaḥ syād dviśataṁ damam.
vitathena bruvan darpād dāpyaḥ syād dviśataṁ damam.
273.
śrutam deśam ca jātim ca karma śarīram eva ca
vitathena bruvan darpāt dāpyaḥ syāt dviśatam damam
vitathena bruvan darpāt dāpyaḥ syāt dviśatam damam
273.
darpāt vitathena śrutam ca deśam ca jātim ca karma
ca śarīram eva bruvan dviśatam damam dāpyaḥ syāt
ca śarīram eva bruvan dviśatam damam dāpyaḥ syāt
273.
For one who, out of pride, falsely speaks of (another's) learning, country, caste, action (karma), or even body, he should be made to pay a fine of two hundred (units).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- श्रुतम् (śrutam) - learning, sacred knowledge, tradition, what has been heard
- देशम् (deśam) - country, region, place
- च (ca) - and, also
- जातिम् (jātim) - caste, lineage, birth
- च (ca) - and, also
- कर्म (karma) - action, deed, ritual, consequence of actions
- शरीरम् (śarīram) - body
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even
- च (ca) - and, also
- वितथेन (vitathena) - falsely, untruly, in vain
- ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying, declaring
- दर्पात् (darpāt) - from arrogance, out of pride
- दाप्यः (dāpyaḥ) - should be made to pay, to be caused to pay
- स्यात् (syāt) - he should be, let him be
- द्विशतम् (dviśatam) - two hundred
- दमम् (damam) - fine, penalty
Words meanings and morphology
श्रुतम् (śrutam) - learning, sacred knowledge, tradition, what has been heard
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śruta
śruta - heard, learned, sacred tradition, revelation, knowledge
Past Passive Participle (substantivized)
From root śru- (to hear) with suffix -kta.
Root: śru (class 5)
Note: Object of `bruvan`.
देशम् (deśam) - country, region, place
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa
deśa - place, region, country, point
Root: diś (class 6)
Note: Object of `bruvan`.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects elements in a list.
जातिम् (jātim) - caste, lineage, birth
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of jāti
jāti - birth, origin, species, class, caste
From root jan- (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Object of `bruvan`.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects elements in a list.
कर्म (karma) - action, deed, ritual, consequence of actions
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, duty, ritual, fate, consequence of actions
From root kṛ- (to do) with suffix -man.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Object of `bruvan`.
शरीरम् (śarīram) - body
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śarīra
śarīra - body, corporeal frame
Root: śṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of `bruvan`.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes `śarīram`.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects elements in a list.
वितथेन (vitathena) - falsely, untruly, in vain
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of vitatha
vitatha - false, untrue, in vain, unsuccessful
From prefix vi- and tat- (true, real).
Compound type : pradi-samāsa (vi+tatha)
- vi – apart, astray, reverse, negative
indeclinable
Prepositional prefix. - tatha – so, thus, true, real
indeclinable
Note: Used adverbially, modifying `bruvan`.
ब्रुवन् (bruvan) - speaking, saying, declaring
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bruvat
bruvat - speaking, saying, declaring
Present Active Participle
From root brū- (to speak) with the -śatṛ suffix.
Root: brū (class 2)
Note: Refers to the implied subject of the sentence.
दर्पात् (darpāt) - from arrogance, out of pride
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of darpa
darpa - arrogance, pride, haughtiness, conceit
Derived from root dṛp- (to be proud).
Root: dṛp (class 4)
Note: Indicates the reason or motive for speaking falsely.
दाप्यः (dāpyaḥ) - should be made to pay, to be caused to pay
(gerundive)
Note: Predicate adjective for the implied subject.
स्यात् (syāt) - he should be, let him be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as
Optative mood, 3rd person singular
From root as- (to be).
Root: as (class 2)
द्विशतम् (dviśatam) - two hundred
(numeral)
Compound type : dvigu (dvi+śata)
- dvi – two
numeral - śata – hundred
numeral (neuter)
Note: Refers to the amount of the fine.
दमम् (damam) - fine, penalty
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dama
dama - fine, penalty, punishment, self-control
Derived from root dam- (to tame, punish).
Root: dam (class 4)
Note: Direct object of `dāpyaḥ` (amount of fine).