मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-391
यथार्हमेतानभ्यर्च्य ब्राह्मणैः सह पार्थिवः ।
सान्त्वेन प्रशमय्यादौ स्वधर्मं प्रतिपादयेत ॥३९१॥
सान्त्वेन प्रशमय्यादौ स्वधर्मं प्रतिपादयेत ॥३९१॥
391. yathārhametānabhyarcya brāhmaṇaiḥ saha pārthivaḥ ,
sāntvena praśamayyādau svadharmaṁ pratipādayet.
sāntvena praśamayyādau svadharmaṁ pratipādayet.
391.
yathārham etān abhyarcya brāhmaṇaiḥ saha pārthivaḥ
| sāntvena praśamayya ādau svadharmam pratipādayet
| sāntvena praśamayya ādau svadharmam pratipādayet
391.
pārthivaḥ brāhmaṇaiḥ saha etān yathārham abhyarcya
ādau sāntvena praśamayya svadharmam pratipādayet
ādau sāntvena praśamayya svadharmam pratipādayet
391.
The king, together with the Brahmins, should first honor these (disputants) appropriately, and having appeased them through conciliatory words, should then establish their proper law (dharma).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यथार्हम् (yathārham) - according to worth, as is proper, appropriately
- एतान् (etān) - these (disputing dvija) (these)
- अभ्यर्च्य (abhyarcya) - having honored, having worshipped
- ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brahmins, with Brahmins
- सह (saha) - with, together with
- पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king, earthly ruler
- सान्त्वेन (sāntvena) - by conciliation, by soothing words, by gentle means
- प्रशमय्य (praśamayya) - having appeased, having calmed down
- आदौ (ādau) - first, at first, in the beginning
- स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - their proper law (dharma) (one's own law, one's own duty, one's intrinsic nature)
- प्रतिपादयेत् (pratipādayet) - should establish/declare (the proper law) (should establish, should demonstrate, should teach, should declare)
Words meanings and morphology
यथार्हम् (yathārham) - according to worth, as is proper, appropriately
(indeclinable)
Avyayībhāva compound of yathā (as) and arha (worthy).
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+arha)
- yathā – as, just as, in what manner
indeclinable - arha – worthy, deserving, suitable
adjective
From root arh (to deserve, be worthy).
Root: arh (class 1)
Note: Adverbial use.
एतान् (etān) - these (disputing dvija) (these)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of etat
etat - this, these
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Refers to the dvijātīnām from the previous verse.
अभ्यर्च्य (abhyarcya) - having honored, having worshipped
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (gerund)
From root arc (to honor, worship) with prefix abhi, and suffix lyap.
Prefix: abhi
Root: arc (class 1)
ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by Brahmins, with Brahmins
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, relating to Brahman
From brahman + aṇ suffix.
सह (saha) - with, together with
(indeclinable)
पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - king, earthly ruler
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva
pārthiva - earthly, a king, a prince
From pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ suffix.
Note: Subject of the sentence.
सान्त्वेन (sāntvena) - by conciliation, by soothing words, by gentle means
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of sāntva
sāntva - conciliation, gentle speech, soothing words
From sāman (peace) + tva suffix.
Note: Means by which appeasement happens.
प्रशमय्य (praśamayya) - having appeased, having calmed down
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (gerund)
From root śam (to be calm) in causative, with prefix pra, and suffix lyap.
Prefix: pra
Root: śam (class 4)
आदौ (ādau) - first, at first, in the beginning
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of ādi
ādi - beginning, first, etcetera
From ā-dā (to take to oneself).
Prefix: ā
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Functions adverbially.
स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - their proper law (dharma) (one's own law, one's own duty, one's intrinsic nature)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of svadharma
svadharma - one's own law, duty, proper course of conduct, intrinsic nature
Tatpuruṣa compound of sva (own) and dharma (law, duty).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)
- sva – own, one's own
pronoun - dharma – law, duty, righteousness, constitution, essential nature
noun (masculine)
From root dhṛ.
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of pratipādayet.
प्रतिपादयेत् (pratipādayet) - should establish/declare (the proper law) (should establish, should demonstrate, should teach, should declare)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of pratipād
optative mood
From root pad (to go, to move) in causative with prefix prati.
Prefix: prati
Root: pad (class 4)