मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-295
स चेत तु पथि संरुद्धः पशुभिर्वा रथेन वा ।
प्रमापयेत प्राणभृतस्तत्र दण्डोऽविचारितः ॥२९५॥
प्रमापयेत प्राणभृतस्तत्र दण्डोऽविचारितः ॥२९५॥
295. sa cet tu pathi saṁruddhaḥ paśubhirvā rathena vā ,
pramāpayet prāṇabhṛtastatra daṇḍo'vicāritaḥ.
pramāpayet prāṇabhṛtastatra daṇḍo'vicāritaḥ.
295.
saḥ cet tu pathi saṃruddhaḥ paśubhiḥ vā rathena vā
| pramāpayeta prāṇabhṛtaḥ tatra daṇḍaḥ avicāritaḥ
| pramāpayeta prāṇabhṛtaḥ tatra daṇḍaḥ avicāritaḥ
295.
tu saḥ pathi paśubhiḥ vā rathena vā saṃruddhaḥ (san) prāṇabhṛtaḥ pramāpayeta,
tatra daṇḍaḥ avicāritaḥ (bhavet).
tatra daṇḍaḥ avicāritaḥ (bhavet).
295.
But if he (the driver) is obstructed on the path by animals or by a chariot, and causes a living being to die, then the punishment is fixed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सः (saḥ) - the driver (from previous verse) (he, that)
- चेत् (cet) - if
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, however
- पथि (pathi) - on the path, on the road
- संरुद्धः (saṁruddhaḥ) - obstructed, hindered, blocked
- पशुभिः (paśubhiḥ) - by animals, with animals
- वा (vā) - or
- रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot
- वा (vā) - or
- प्रमापयेत (pramāpayeta) - should cause to die, should kill
- प्राणभृतः (prāṇabhṛtaḥ) - of a living being, creature
- तत्र (tatra) - there, in that case
- दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, fine
- अविचारितः (avicāritaḥ) - fixed, undisputed, unquestioned
Words meanings and morphology
सः (saḥ) - the driver (from previous verse) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
चेत् (cet) - if
(indeclinable)
तु (tu) - but, indeed, however
(indeclinable)
पथि (pathi) - on the path, on the road
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of path
path - path, road, way
संरुद्धः (saṁruddhaḥ) - obstructed, hindered, blocked
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃruddha
saṁruddha - obstructed, hindered, stopped, besieged
Past Passive Participle
Derived from saṃ-rudh (to obstruct, stop) with suffix -kta.
Prefix: sam
Root: rudh (class 7)
पशुभिः (paśubhiḥ) - by animals, with animals
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of paśu
paśu - animal, cattle, beast
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
रथेन (rathena) - by a chariot
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha
ratha - chariot, car, vehicle
वा (vā) - or
(indeclinable)
प्रमापयेत (pramāpayeta) - should cause to die, should kill
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of pramāpaya
Causative
Causative of pra-mā (to die, to perish). Root mā + P.P. -āpaya.
Prefix: pra
Root: mā (class 2)
प्राणभृतः (prāṇabhṛtaḥ) - of a living being, creature
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of prāṇabhṛt
prāṇabhṛt - living being, creature, having life
Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+bhṛt)
- prāṇa – breath, life, vital air
noun (masculine) - bhṛt – bearing, carrying, supporting
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun/suffix -kvip
From root bhṛ (to bear, carry)
Root: bhṛ (class 3)
तत्र (tatra) - there, in that case
(indeclinable)
दण्डः (daṇḍaḥ) - punishment, fine
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa
daṇḍa - stick, staff, punishment, fine, penalty
अविचारितः (avicāritaḥ) - fixed, undisputed, unquestioned
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of avicārita
avicārita - undetermined, unfixed, unquestioned, undisputed
Past Passive Participle (negative)
Derived from a-vicārita (not thought over/decided).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+vicārita)
- na – not, un-
indeclinable - vicārita – considered, investigated, decided, thought over
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from vi-car (to consider, investigate) with suffix -kta.
Prefix: vi
Root: car (class 1)