मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-396
शाल्मलीफलके श्लक्ष्णे नेनिज्यान्नेजकः शनैः ।
न च वासांसि वासोभिर्निर्हरेन्न च वासयेत ॥३९६॥
न च वासांसि वासोभिर्निर्हरेन्न च वासयेत ॥३९६॥
396. śālmalīphalake ślakṣṇe nenijyānnejakaḥ śanaiḥ ,
na ca vāsāṁsi vāsobhirnirharenna ca vāsayet.
na ca vāsāṁsi vāsobhirnirharenna ca vāsayet.
396.
śālmalīphalake ślakṣṇe nenijyāt nejakaḥ śanaiḥ
na ca vāsāṃsi vāsobhiḥ nirharet na ca vāsayeta
na ca vāsāṃsi vāsobhiḥ nirharet na ca vāsayeta
396.
nejakaḥ ślakṣṇe śālmalīphalake śanaiḥ nenijyāt
ca vāsobhiḥ vāsāṃsi na nirharet ca na vāsayeta
ca vāsobhiḥ vāsāṃsi na nirharet ca na vāsayeta
396.
A washerman should wash clothes gently on a smooth silk-cotton plank. He should neither damage clothes by rubbing them with other clothes nor cause them to fade.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शाल्मलीफलके (śālmalīphalake) - on a plank of silk-cotton tree wood
- श्लक्ष्णे (ślakṣṇe) - smooth, soft, polished
- नेनिज्यात् (nenijyāt) - should wash, should cleanse
- नेजकः (nejakaḥ) - a washerman
- शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gently, softly
- न (na) - not
- च (ca) - and, also
- वासांसि (vāsāṁsi) - clothes, garments
- वासोभिः (vāsobhiḥ) - by/with other clothes
- निर्हरेत् (nirharet) - should destroy, should damage, should remove
- न (na) - not
- च (ca) - and, also
- वासयेत (vāsayeta) - should cause to fade/wear out
Words meanings and morphology
शाल्मलीफलके (śālmalīphalake) - on a plank of silk-cotton tree wood
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of śālmalīphalaka
śālmalīphalaka - a plank made of silk-cotton wood
Tatpuruṣa compound: śālmalī (silk-cotton tree) + phalaka (plank).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śālmalī+phalaka)
- śālmalī – silk-cotton tree (Bombax ceiba)
noun (feminine) - phalaka – plank, board, tablet
noun (neuter)
Note: Refers to the surface used for washing clothes.
श्लक्ष्णे (ślakṣṇe) - smooth, soft, polished
(adjective)
Locative, neuter, singular of ślakṣṇa
ślakṣṇa - smooth, soft, polished, slippery, gentle, delicate
Root: ślakṣ (class 1)
नेनिज्यात् (nenijyāt) - should wash, should cleanse
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of nenij
Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular, intensive (reduplicated) stem
Intensive stem 'nenij' from root 'nij' (to wash).
Root: nij (class 3)
Note: Expresses a command or recommendation.
नेजकः (nejakaḥ) - a washerman
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nejaka
nejaka - washerman, cleanser
Derived from root nij (to wash).
Root: nij (class 3)
Note: Subject of the sentence.
शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gently, softly
(indeclinable)
Adverbial form, instrumental plural of śana.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negative particle for 'nirharet'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
वासांसि (vāsāṁsi) - clothes, garments
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of vāsa
vāsa - cloth, garment, dress, dwelling
Root vas (to wear, to dwell).
Root: vas (class 2)
वासोभिः (vāsobhiḥ) - by/with other clothes
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of vāsa
vāsa - cloth, garment, dress
Root vas (to wear, to dwell).
Root: vas (class 2)
Note: vāsa can be masculine or neuter for 'garment'. Here, neuter is consistent with 'vāsāṃsi'.
निर्हरेत् (nirharet) - should destroy, should damage, should remove
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of nirhṛ
Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular
From root hṛ (to carry, seize) with prefix nir.
Prefix: nis
Root: hṛ (class 1)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Note: Negative particle for 'vāsayeta'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
वासयेत (vāsayeta) - should cause to fade/wear out
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of vāsay
Causative Optative mood, active voice, 3rd person singular
Causative stem of root vas (to fade, become dim, or to dwell, remain). Here 'to fade' or 'to wear out' fits the context of clothing.
Root: vas (class 1)
Note: Expresses a negative command or recommendation.