मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-223
परेण तु दशाहस्य न दद्यान्नापि दापयेत ।
आददानो ददत चैव राज्ञा दण्ड्यौ शतानि षट ॥२२३॥
आददानो ददत चैव राज्ञा दण्ड्यौ शतानि षट ॥२२३॥
223. pareṇa tu daśāhasya na dadyānnāpi dāpayet ,
ādadāno dadat caiva rājñā daṇḍyau śatāni ṣaṭ.
ādadāno dadat caiva rājñā daṇḍyau śatāni ṣaṭ.
223.
pareṇa tu daśāhasya na dadyāt na api dāpayet
ādadānaḥ dadat ca eva rājñā daṇḍyau śatāni ṣaṭ
ādadānaḥ dadat ca eva rājñā daṇḍyau śatāni ṣaṭ
223.
tu daśāhasya pareṇa na dadyāt na api dāpayet
ca eva ādadānaḥ dadat rājñā ṣaṭ śatāni daṇḍyau
ca eva ādadānaḥ dadat rājñā ṣaṭ śatāni daṇḍyau
223.
However, beyond the ten-day period, one should neither return it nor cause it to be returned. Both the person taking (the item back) and the person giving (it back) are to be fined six hundred by the king.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- परेण (pareṇa) - beyond (a time period) (after, beyond, by another)
- तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
- दशाहस्य (daśāhasya) - of ten days
- न (na) - not
- दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give back, should return
- न (na) - not
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- दापयेत् (dāpayet) - should cause to give, should make someone give back
- आददानः (ādadānaḥ) - taking back, he who takes back
- ददत् (dadat) - giving, he who gives
- च (ca) - and
- एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
- राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king
- दण्ड्यौ (daṇḍyau) - should be punished, punishable (dual)
- शतानि (śatāni) - hundreds
- षट् (ṣaṭ) - six
Words meanings and morphology
परेण (pareṇa) - beyond (a time period) (after, beyond, by another)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of para
para - other, another, supreme, distant, ultimate
Note: Used adverbially to mean 'after' or 'beyond (a time period)'.
तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
(indeclinable)
दशाहस्य (daśāhasya) - of ten days
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of daśāha
daśāha - a period of ten days
Compound type : dvigu (daśa+ahan)
- daśa – ten
numeral - ahan – day
noun (neuter)
Note: Governed by 'pareṇa' which here implies 'after/beyond' with genitive.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
दद्यात् (dadyāt) - should give back, should return
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of dā
Root: dā (class 3)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
दापयेत् (dāpayet) - should cause to give, should make someone give back
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of dā
causative optative
causative stem 'dāpaya' + optative ending
Root: dā (class 3)
आददानः (ādadānaḥ) - taking back, he who takes back
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ā-dā
ā-dā - to take, to take back, to receive
present participle (ātmanepada)
formed with suffix -āna
Prefix: ā
Root: dā (class 3)
ददत् (dadat) - giving, he who gives
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dā
dā - to give
present participle (parasmaipada)
formed with suffix -at
Root: dā (class 3)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only
(indeclinable)
राज्ञा (rājñā) - by the king
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, sovereign
दण्ड्यौ (daṇḍyau) - should be punished, punishable (dual)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, dual of daṇḍya
daṇḍya - punishable, to be punished, deserving punishment
Gerundive
formed from root daṇḍ with suffix -ya
Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
शतानि (śatāni) - hundreds
(numeral)
षट् (ṣaṭ) - six
(numeral)
Note: Indeclinable form used with a noun in accusative plural.