मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-348
शस्त्रं द्विजातिभिर्ग्राह्यं धर्मो यत्रोपरुध्यते ।
द्विजातीनां च वर्णानां विप्लवे कालकारिते ॥३४८॥
द्विजातीनां च वर्णानां विप्लवे कालकारिते ॥३४८॥
348. śastraṁ dvijātibhirgrāhyaṁ dharmo yatroparudhyate ,
dvijātīnāṁ ca varṇānāṁ viplave kālakārite.
dvijātīnāṁ ca varṇānāṁ viplave kālakārite.
348.
śastram dvijātibhiḥ grāhyam dharmaḥ yatra uparudhyate
dvijātīnām ca varṇānām viplave kāla-kārite
dvijātīnām ca varṇānām viplave kāla-kārite
348.
dvijātibhiḥ śastram grāhyam yatra dharmaḥ uparudhyate
ca kāla-kārite dvijātīnām varṇānām viplave
ca kāla-kārite dvijātīnām varṇānām viplave
348.
Weapons should be taken up by the twice-born (dvijātis) where (their) essential nature (dharma) is obstructed, and during a disruption of the twice-born social orders (varṇas) brought about by circumstances.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon, arm, instrument
- द्विजातिभिः (dvijātibhiḥ) - by the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas)
- ग्राह्यम् (grāhyam) - to be taken, to be grasped, acceptable, fit to be received
- धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - essential nature, natural law, righteous conduct, duty, constitution
- यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place, in which case
- उपरुध्यते (uparudhyate) - is obstructed, is impeded, is suppressed, is hindered
- द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas)
- च (ca) - and, also
- वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social orders, of the castes
- विप्लवे (viplave) - in a calamity, in a disruption, in an overthrow
- काल-कारिते (kāla-kārite) - caused by time, brought about by circumstances
Words meanings and morphology
शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon, arm, instrument
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śastra
śastra - weapon, sword, instrument
द्विजातिभिः (dvijātibhiḥ) - by the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvijāti
dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), a bird, a snake
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jāti)
- dvi – two
numeral - jāti – birth, origin, species
noun (feminine)
Root: jan (class 4)
ग्राह्यम् (grāhyam) - to be taken, to be grasped, acceptable, fit to be received
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of grāhya
grāhya - to be taken, to be grasped, acceptable, fit to be received
Gerundive (kṛtya)
Formed from √grah with ṇyat suffix.
Root: grah (class 9)
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - essential nature, natural law, righteous conduct, duty, constitution
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - essential nature, natural law, righteous conduct, duty, constitution, religion
यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place, in which case
(indeclinable)
उपरुध्यते (uparudhyate) - is obstructed, is impeded, is suppressed, is hindered
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of uparudh
Prefix: upa
Root: rudh (class 7)
द्विजातीनाम् (dvijātīnām) - of the twice-born (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijāti
dvijāti - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), a bird, a snake
Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+jāti)
- dvi – two
numeral - jāti – birth, origin, species
noun (feminine)
Root: jan (class 4)
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social orders, of the castes
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of varṇa
varṇa - color, class, social order, caste
विप्लवे (viplave) - in a calamity, in a disruption, in an overthrow
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of viplava
viplava - inundation, disturbance, calamity, overthrow, rebellion
काल-कारिते (kāla-kārite) - caused by time, brought about by circumstances
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of kāla-kārita
kāla-kārita - caused by time, brought about by destiny/circumstances
Compound type : tatpurusha (kāla+kārita)
- kāla – time, season, destiny
noun (masculine) - kārita – caused, made, effected
adjective
Past Passive Participle (causative)
Causative of √kṛ, formed with ṇic and kta suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)