मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-8, verse-394
अन्धो जडः पीठसर्पी सप्तत्या स्थविरश्च यः ।
श्रोत्रियेषूपकुर्वंश्च न दाप्याः केन चित करम ॥३९४॥
श्रोत्रियेषूपकुर्वंश्च न दाप्याः केन चित करम ॥३९४॥
394. andho jaḍaḥ pīṭhasarpī saptatyā sthaviraśca yaḥ ,
śrotriyeṣūpakurvaṁśca na dāpyāḥ kena cit karam.
śrotriyeṣūpakurvaṁśca na dāpyāḥ kena cit karam.
394.
andhaḥ jaḍaḥ pīṭhasarpī saptatyā sthaviraḥ ca yaḥ
śrotriyeṣu upakurvan ca na dāpyāḥ kena cit karam
śrotriyeṣu upakurvan ca na dāpyāḥ kena cit karam
394.
yaḥ andhaḥ jaḍaḥ pīṭhasarpī saptatyā sthaviraḥ ca
śrotriyeṣu upakurvan ca kena cit karam na dāpyāḥ
śrotriyeṣu upakurvan ca kena cit karam na dāpyāḥ
394.
A blind person, a dull-witted individual, one who crawls (due to disability), an old person of seventy years, and one who assists Vedic scholars, should not be made to pay any tax by anyone.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अन्धः (andhaḥ) - blind
- जडः (jaḍaḥ) - dull, stupid, idiotic, inert
- पीठसर्पी (pīṭhasarpī) - one who crawls on buttocks (due to disability)
- सप्तत्या (saptatyā) - by seventy (years)
- स्थविरः (sthaviraḥ) - old, aged
- च (ca) - and, also
- यः (yaḥ) - who, which
- श्रोत्रियेषु (śrotriyeṣu) - among Vedic scholars, to Vedic scholars
- उपकुर्वन् (upakurvan) - benefiting, helping, assisting
- च (ca) - and, also
- न (na) - not
- दाप्याः (dāpyāḥ) - should be made to pay
- केन (kena) - by whom, by what
- चित् (cit) - indeed, any, some
- करम् (karam) - tax, tribute
Words meanings and morphology
अन्धः (andhaḥ) - blind
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of andha
andha - blind, sightless, ignorant, dull, stupid
Root: andh (class 10)
जडः (jaḍaḥ) - dull, stupid, idiotic, inert
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jaḍa
jaḍa - dull, stupid, idiotic, inert, cold, rigid, paralysed
Root: jaḍ (class 1)
पीठसर्पी (pīṭhasarpī) - one who crawls on buttocks (due to disability)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pīṭhasarpin
pīṭhasarpin - one who moves by crawling on the buttocks, a disabled person
Derived from pīṭha (seat) and sarpa (to crawl)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pīṭha+sarpin)
- pīṭha – seat, stool, chair, throne
noun (neuter) - sarpin – crawling, moving, a snake
adjective (masculine)
Derived from root sṛp (to crawl)
Root: sṛp (class 1)
Note: This term describes a person who cannot walk and has to crawl, often on their buttocks.
सप्तत्या (saptatyā) - by seventy (years)
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of saptati
saptati - seventy
Note: Indicates a person aged seventy years.
स्थविरः (sthaviraḥ) - old, aged
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sthavira
sthavira - old, aged, ancient, firm, stable
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Used here in conjunction with 'saptatyā' to specify 'aged seventy'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
यः (yaḥ) - who, which
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)
Note: Relative pronoun referring to the person who has the described characteristics.
श्रोत्रियेषु (śrotriyeṣu) - among Vedic scholars, to Vedic scholars
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of śrotriya
śrotriya - a Brahmin learned in the Vedas, esp. one who maintains the sacred fires
Derived from śrotra (Vedic learning)
Root: śru (class 1)
Note: Used with 'upakurvan' to mean 'doing good to' or 'assisting among'.
उपकुर्वन् (upakurvan) - benefiting, helping, assisting
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of upakurvat
upakurvat - helping, assisting, benefiting, doing good to
Present Active Participle
Derived from the root kṛ (to do) with upasarga upa
Prefix: upa
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Functions as an adjective describing the person who assists.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
दाप्याः (dāpyāḥ) - should be made to pay
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dāpya
dāpya - to be made to give, to be made to pay, to be caused to give
Gerundive (Passive Future Participle)
Causative of root dā (to give), formed with -ya suffix
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Refers to the collective group of people described, implying they should not be taxed.
केन (kena) - by whom, by what
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim
kim - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun)
Note: Often used with 'cit' to mean 'by anyone'.
चित् (cit) - indeed, any, some
(indeclinable)
करम् (karam) - tax, tribute
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of kara
kara - tax, tribute, duty, hand, ray of light
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Object of the verb 'dāpyāḥ' (to be made to pay).