महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-14, verse-57

तथा पुत्रसहस्राणामयुतं च ददौ प्रभुः ।
कुशद्वीपं च स ददौ राज्येन भगवानजः ॥५७॥

57. tathā putrasahasrāṇāmayutaṁ ca dadau prabhuḥ ,
kuśadvīpaṁ ca sa dadau rājyena bhagavānajaḥ.

57. tathā putrasahastrāṇām ayutam ca dadau prabhuḥ
kuśadvīpam ca saḥ dadau rājyena bhagavān ajaḥ

57. tathā ca prabhuḥ ayutam putrasahastrāṇām dadau
ca saḥ bhagavān ajaḥ kuśadvīpam rājyena dadau

57. And thus, the lord also granted ten thousand sons. Furthermore, the divine unborn one bestowed Kuśadvīpa as his kingdom.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, likewise

• पुत्रसहस्त्राणाम् (putrasahastrāṇām) - of thousands of sons

• अयुतम् (ayutam) - ten thousand

• च (ca) - and, also

• ददौ (dadau) - gave, bestowed

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - The deity granting the boons. (lord, master, sovereign)

• कुशद्वीपम् (kuśadvīpam) - Kuśadvīpa (name of a continent/island)

• च (ca) - and, also

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to the deity (prabhuḥ, bhagavān ajaḥ). (he, that)

• ददौ (dadau) - gave, bestowed

• राज्येन (rājyena) - as his dominion/kingdom (by kingdom, as a kingdom, with sovereignty)

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - The divine aspect of the deity. (divine, worshipful, glorious, blessed)

• अजः (ajaḥ) - Epithet for the supreme deity. (unborn, eternal)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, likewise

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to the previous event.

पुत्रसहस्त्राणाम् (putrasahastrāṇām) - of thousands of sons

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of putrasahastra

putrasahastra - a thousand sons

Compound of putra (son) and sahastra (thousand)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+sahastra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• sahastra – thousand
  numeral/noun (neuter)

Note: Part of the phrase ayutam putrasahastrāṇām meaning 'ten thousand sons'.

अयुतम् (ayutam) - ten thousand

(numeral)

Note: Object of dadau.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects ayutam to the previous gifts.

ददौ (dadau) - gave, bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dā

Perfect

Root √dā (to give), Perfect 3rd person singular, Paras.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The subject is prabhuḥ.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - The deity granting the boons. (lord, master, sovereign)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, sovereign, powerful

From pra (forth) + √bhū (to be, to exist).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of dadau.

कुशद्वीपम् (kuśadvīpam) - Kuśadvīpa (name of a continent/island)

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuśadvīpa

kuśadvīpa - Name of a mythical continent or island, "island of Kuśa grass"

Compound of kuśa (a type of sacred grass) + dvīpa (island/continent)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kuśa+dvīpa)

• kuśa – sacred grass (Poa cynosuroides)
  noun (masculine)
• dvīpa – island, continent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of dadau.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this gift to the previous one.

सः (saḥ) - Refers to the deity (prabhuḥ, bhagavān ajaḥ). (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular nominative.

Note: Subject of dadau.

ददौ (dadau) - gave, bestowed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dā

Perfect

Root √dā (to give), Perfect 3rd person singular, Paras.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The subject is saḥ.

राज्येन (rājyena) - as his dominion/kingdom (by kingdom, as a kingdom, with sovereignty)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, dominion, sovereignty, rule

Derived from rājan (king) + -ya suffix.

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Indicates the manner or role.

भगवान् (bhagavān) - The divine aspect of the deity. (divine, worshipful, glorious, blessed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - divine, worshipful, glorious, blessed, possessing fortune (bhaga)

Possessive adjective from bhaga (fortune, majesty) + matup suffix.

Note: Qualifies ajaḥ.

अजः (ajaḥ) - Epithet for the supreme deity. (unborn, eternal)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aja

aja - unborn, not born, eternal; a goat; Brahmā (as creator); Viṣṇu; Śiva

a (not) + ja (born from √jan).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ja)

• a – not, non-, un-
  prefix
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  From root √jan (to be born) + -a suffix.
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the deity, subject of dadau.