महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-14, verse-50

इहैव देवताश्रेष्ठं देवाः सर्षिगणाः पुरा ।
तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण सत्येन च दमेन च ।
तोषयित्वा शुभान्कामान्प्राप्नुवंस्ते जनार्दन ॥५०॥

50. ihaiva devatāśreṣṭhaṁ devāḥ sarṣigaṇāḥ purā ,
tapasā brahmacaryeṇa satyena ca damena ca ,
toṣayitvā śubhānkāmānprāpnuvaṁste janārdana.

50. iha eva devatāśreṣṭham devāḥ
saṛṣigaṇāḥ purā tapasā brahmacaryeṇa
satyena ca damena ca toṣayitvā
śubhān kāmān prāpnuvan te janārdana

50. janārdana,
purā iha eva saṛṣigaṇāḥ devāḥ tapasā brahmacaryeṇa satyena ca damena ca devatāśreṣṭham toṣayitvā te śubhān kāmān prāpnuvan.

50. O Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa), right here, in ancient times, the gods along with groups of sages, having pleased the most excellent of deities through austerity (tapas), celibacy (brahmacarya), truthfulness, and self-control, obtained their auspicious desires.

Words meanings summery:

• इह (iha) - here, in this place

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

• देवताश्रेष्ठम् (devatāśreṣṭham) - The supreme deity, Shiva (the most excellent of deities)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

• सऋषिगणाः (saṛṣigaṇāḥ) - along with groups of sages, with companies of rishis

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, through penance

• ब्रह्मचर्येण (brahmacaryeṇa) - by celibacy, through religious studenthood/chastity

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truthfulness, by truth

• च (ca) - and

• दमेन (damena) - by self-control, by restraint

• च (ca) - and

• तोषयित्वा (toṣayitvā) - having pleased, having satisfied

• शुभान् (śubhān) - auspicious, good, beautiful

• कामान् (kāmān) - desires, wishes, pleasures

• प्राप्नुवन् (prāpnuvan) - they obtained, they reached

• ते (te) - Referring to the gods and sages (they)

• जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Arjuna (O Janārdana (epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa))

Words meanings and morphology

इह (iha) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, very

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle

देवताश्रेष्ठम् (devatāśreṣṭham) - The supreme deity, Shiva (the most excellent of deities)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devatāśreṣṭha

devatāśreṣṭha - most excellent deity, supreme god

Tatpurusha compound of devatā and śreṣṭha

Compound type : tatpurusha (devatā+śreṣṭha)

• devatā – deity, godhead
  noun (feminine)
  From deva + -tā (feminine abstract suffix)
  Root: div (class 1)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya/praśasta (excellent)
  Root: śrā (class 9)

Note: Object of toṣayitvā.

देवाः (devāḥ) - the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

From root div 'to shine'

Root: div (class 1)

Note: Subject of prāpnuvan.

सऋषिगणाः (saṛṣigaṇāḥ) - along with groups of sages, with companies of rishis

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṛṣigaṇa

saṛṣigaṇa - accompanied by groups of sages

Bahuvrihi compound: 'with rishis and their groups', or 'with groups of sages'. 'sa' + 'ṛṣigaṇa' (group of sages)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+ṛṣigaṇa)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• ṛṣigaṇa – group of sages/rishis
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound of ṛṣi and gaṇa

Note: Agrees with devāḥ.

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, through penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

ब्रह्मचर्येण (brahmacaryeṇa) - by celibacy, through religious studenthood/chastity

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - celibacy, religious studenthood, chastity

Compound of brahman and carya

Compound type : tatpurusha (brahman+carya)

• brahman – sacred knowledge, Vedic text, ultimate reality
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• carya – conduct, practice, observance
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive of car
  From root car 'to move, to practice'
  Root: car (class 1)

सत्येन (satyena) - by truthfulness, by truth

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, truthfulness, real

From sat (being)

Root: as (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects satyena and damena.

दमेन (damena) - by self-control, by restraint

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, subduing

From root dam 'to tame, to control'

Root: dam (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects damena with the previous instrumental nouns.

तोषयित्वा (toṣayitvā) - having pleased, having satisfied

(indeclinable)

Absolutive, causal

Absolutive form of causal stem toṣaya- from root tuṣ

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

शुभान् (śubhān) - auspicious, good, beautiful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, bright

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with kāmān.

कामान् (kāmān) - desires, wishes, pleasures

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, pleasure

From root kam 'to desire'

Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Object of prāpnuvan.

प्राप्नुवन् (prāpnuvan) - they obtained, they reached

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of praāp

Imperfect tense

Imperfect 3rd plural active voice, from root āp with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

ते (te) - Referring to the gods and sages (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative plural

Note: Serves as the explicit subject of prāpnuvan.

जनार्दन (janārdana) - O Arjuna (O Janārdana (epithet of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janārdana

janārdana - Janārdana (name of Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa), one who excites or punishes people

From janā (people) + ardana (agitating, punishing)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jana+ardana)

• jana – people, person, creature
  noun (masculine)
  From root jan 'to be born'
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ardana – agitating, tormenting, punishing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from ard
  From root ard 'to hurt, to agitate'
  Root: ard (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Kṛṣṇa/Arjuna.