महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-14, verse-53

तस्यैव पुत्रप्रवरो मन्दरो नाम विश्रुतः ।
महादेववराच्छक्रं वर्षार्बुदमयोधयत् ॥५३॥

53. tasyaiva putrapravaro mandaro nāma viśrutaḥ ,
mahādevavarācchakraṁ varṣārbudamayodhayat.

53. tasya eva putrapravaraḥ mandaraḥ nāma viśrutaḥ
mahādevavarāt śakram varṣārbudam ayodhayat

53. tasya eva putrapravaraḥ mandaraḥ nāma viśrutaḥ
mahādevavarāt śakram varṣārbudam ayodhayat

53. His own foremost son, renowned by the name Mandara, fought Indra for a hundred million years, by the boon of Mahadeva (Śiva).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - Of Hiranyakashipu (from the previous verse). (his, of him, of that)

• एव (eva) - Emphasizing that it was his very own son. (even, only, just, indeed)

• पुत्रप्रवरः (putrapravaraḥ) - Describing Mandara as the best or most important of the sons. (chief among sons, foremost son)

• मन्दरः (mandaraḥ) - The specific name of Hiranyakashipu's son. (Mandara (proper noun))

• नाम (nāma) - Indicating that Mandara is his name. (name, by name, indeed)

• विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - Mandara was well-known. (famous, renowned, heard of)

• महादेववरात् (mahādevavarāt) - The source of Mandara's power to fight Indra. (from the boon of Mahadeva)

• शक्रम् (śakram) - The king of the gods, who was fought. (Indra, the powerful one)

• वर्षार्बुदम् (varṣārbudam) - The duration of the battle. (for an arbuda (100 million) of years)

• अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - Mandara fought Indra. (he fought, he caused to fight)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - Of Hiranyakashipu (from the previous verse). (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hiranyakashipu.

एव (eva) - Emphasizing that it was his very own son. (even, only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

पुत्रप्रवरः (putrapravaraḥ) - Describing Mandara as the best or most important of the sons. (chief among sons, foremost son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putrapravara

putrapravara - chief among sons, excellent son

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+pravara)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• pravara – excellent, chief, best
  adjective (masculine)

मन्दरः (mandaraḥ) - The specific name of Hiranyakashipu's son. (Mandara (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mandara

mandara - name of a mountain; a specific demon (son of Hiranyakashipu)

नाम (nāma) - Indicating that Mandara is his name. (name, by name, indeed)

(indeclinable)

In this context, used adverbially, "by name".

विश्रुतः (viśrutaḥ) - Mandara was well-known. (famous, renowned, heard of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśruta

viśruta - famous, renowned, heard, known

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru with prefix vi-.

Prefix: vi

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with mandaraḥ.

महादेववरात् (mahādevavarāt) - The source of Mandara's power to fight Indra. (from the boon of Mahadeva)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mahādevavara

mahādevavara - boon of Mahadeva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahādeva+vara)

• mahādeva – Great God, Śiva
  proper noun (masculine)
• vara – boon, wish, blessing
  noun (masculine)

शक्रम् (śakram) - The king of the gods, who was fought. (Indra, the powerful one)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra, the powerful, mighty

वर्षार्बुदम् (varṣārbudam) - The duration of the battle. (for an arbuda (100 million) of years)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varṣārbuda

varṣārbuda - a hundred million years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṣa+arbuda)

• varṣa – year
  noun (neuter)
• arbuda – a large number, specifically 100 million
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially.

अयोधयत् (ayodhayat) - Mandara fought Indra. (he fought, he caused to fight)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect (laṅ) of the causative form

3rd person singular, Imperfect (laṅ) of the causative form yodhaya. The causative meaning 'caused to fight' often fades to 'fought'.

Root: yudh (class 4)