महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-14, verse-47

तमहं प्राञ्जलिर्भूत्वा मृगपक्षिष्वथाग्निषु ।
धर्मे च शिष्यवर्गे च समपृच्छमनामयम् ॥४७॥

47. tamahaṁ prāñjalirbhūtvā mṛgapakṣiṣvathāgniṣu ,
dharme ca śiṣyavarge ca samapṛcchamanāmayam.

47. tam aham prāñjaliḥ bhūtvā mṛgapakṣiṣu atha agniṣu
dharme ca śiṣyavarge ca samapṛccham anāmayam

47. aham prāñjaliḥ bhūtvā tam mṛgapakṣiṣu atha agniṣu
dharme ca śiṣyavarge ca anāmayam samapṛccham

47. Having folded my hands reverently, I then inquired of him about the well-being of the deer, the birds, the sacred fires, his constitution (dharma), and his group of disciples.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - the lord (Upamanyu) (him, that)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, reverent

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• मृगपक्षिषु (mṛgapakṣiṣu) - among deer and birds, regarding deer and birds

• अथ (atha) - then, and, also

• अग्निषु (agniṣu) - regarding the sacred fires (for Vedic rituals) (regarding fires, among fires)

• धर्मे (dharme) - regarding natural law, constitution, duty

• च (ca) - and

• शिष्यवर्गे (śiṣyavarge) - regarding the group of disciples

• च (ca) - and

• समपृच्छम् (samapṛccham) - I inquired, I asked

• अनामयम् (anāmayam) - well-being, health, freedom from sickness

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - the lord (Upamanyu) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of samapṛccham.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Subject of samapṛccham.

प्राञ्जलिः (prāñjaliḥ) - with folded hands, reverent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāñjali

prāñjali - having folded hands, reverent, respectful

Compound of pra (forward) and añjali (folded hands).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (pra+añjali)

• pra – forward, onward, forth
  indeclinable
  Prefix for verbs and nouns.
• añjali – folded hands (as a gesture of reverence)
  noun (masculine)
  From root añj 'to anoint, honor'.
  Root: añj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies aham.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Root bhū + suffix -tvā.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Describes the action preceding the main verb.

मृगपक्षिषु (mṛgapakṣiṣu) - among deer and birds, regarding deer and birds

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of mṛgapakṣin

mṛgapakṣin - deer and bird

Dvandva compound of mṛga (deer) and pakṣin (bird).

Compound type : Dvandva (mṛga+pakṣin)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
• pakṣin – bird, winged creature
  noun (masculine)
  From pakṣa 'wing'.

Note: Denotes the sphere of inquiry (well-being of).

अथ (atha) - then, and, also

(indeclinable)

अग्निषु (agniṣu) - regarding the sacred fires (for Vedic rituals) (regarding fires, among fires)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of agni

agni - fire, god of fire, sacred fire

From root ag 'to go, to move swiftly'.

Root: ag (class 1)

Note: Denotes the sphere of inquiry.

धर्मे (dharme) - regarding natural law, constitution, duty

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, cosmic order

From root dhṛ 'to hold, support, maintain'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Denotes the sphere of inquiry.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects dharme and śiṣyavarge.

शिष्यवर्गे (śiṣyavarge) - regarding the group of disciples

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śiṣyavarga

śiṣyavarga - group of disciples, body of pupils

Tatpurusha compound of śiṣya (disciple) and varga (group, class).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (śiṣya+varga)

• śiṣya – disciple, pupil
  noun (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From śās 'to teach'.
  Root: śās (class 2)
• varga – group, class, division
  noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes the sphere of inquiry.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the last item in the list.

समपृच्छम् (samapṛccham) - I inquired, I asked

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sampṛcch

Imperfect Active First Person Singular

Augment 'a' + sam (prefix) + pṛcch (root pṛc) + 'am' ending.

Prefix: sam

Root: pṛc (class 6)

Note: Transitive verb, takes two objects (him 'tam' and well-being 'anāmayam') and locative for topics of inquiry.

अनामयम् (anāmayam) - well-being, health, freedom from sickness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anāmaya

anāmaya - well-being, health, freedom from sickness, healthy

Compound of a (not) + āmaya (sickness).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (a+āmaya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• āmaya – sickness, disease, affliction
  noun (masculine)
  From ā-am 'to suffer'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: am (class 1)

Note: Object of samapṛccham.