महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-14, verse-33

रुरुवारणशार्दूलसिंहद्वीपिसमाकुलम् ।
कुरङ्गबर्हिणाकीर्णं मार्जारभुजगावृतम् ।
पूगैश्च मृगजातीनां महिषर्क्षनिषेवितम् ॥३३॥

33. ruruvāraṇaśārdūlasiṁhadvīpisamākulam ,
kuraṅgabarhiṇākīrṇaṁ mārjārabhujagāvṛtam ,
pūgaiśca mṛgajātīnāṁ mahiṣarkṣaniṣevitam.

33. ruru-vāraṇa-śārdūla-siṃha-dvīpi-samākulam
kuraṅga-barhiṇa ākīrṇam
mārjāra-bhujaga āvṛtam pūgaiḥ ca
mṛgajātīnām mahiṣa-ṛkṣa niṣevitam

33. ruru-vāraṇa-śārdūla-siṃha-dvīpi-samākulam
kuraṅga-barhiṇa ākīrṇam
mārjāra-bhujaga āvṛtam mṛgajātīnām
pūgaiḥ mahiṣa-ṛkṣa niṣevitam ca

33. It was teeming with ruru deer, elephants, tigers, lions, and leopards; densely populated by antelopes and peacocks; surrounded by cats and serpents; and frequented by groups of diverse animal species, including buffaloes and bears.

Words meanings summery:

• रुरु-वारण-शार्दूल-सिंह-द्वीपि-समाकुलम् (ruru-vāraṇa-śārdūla-siṁha-dvīpi-samākulam) - crowded with ruru deer, elephants, tigers, lions, and leopards

• कुरङ्ग-बर्हिण (kuraṅga-barhiṇa) - antelopes and peacocks

• आकीर्णम् (ākīrṇam) - filled, covered, dense

• मार्जार-भुजग (mārjāra-bhujaga) - cats and serpents

• आवृतम् (āvṛtam) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

• पूगैः (pūgaiḥ) - by herds, by groups, by multitudes

• च (ca) - and, also

• मृगजातीनाम् (mṛgajātīnām) - of species of animals, of various kinds of deer

• महिष-ऋक्ष (mahiṣa-ṛkṣa) - buffaloes and bears

• निषेवितम् (niṣevitam) - frequented, attended, served

Words meanings and morphology

रुरु-वारण-शार्दूल-सिंह-द्वीपि-समाकुलम् (ruru-vāraṇa-śārdūla-siṁha-dvīpi-samākulam) - crowded with ruru deer, elephants, tigers, lions, and leopards

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ruru-vāraṇa-śārdūla-siṃha-dvīpi-samākula

ruru-vāraṇa-śārdūla-siṁha-dvīpi-samākula - crowded/filled with ruru deer, elephants, tigers, lions, and leopards

A descriptive Bahuvrīhi compound, where 'samākula' (crowded, filled) is modified by a list of animals. 'samākula' is a Past Passive Participle from root 'kul' with prefixes 'sam-ā'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ruru+vāraṇa+śārdūla+siṃha+dvīpin+samākula)

• ruru – a species of deer, antelope
  noun (masculine)
• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger
  noun (masculine)
• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• dvīpin – leopard, panther
  noun (masculine)
• samākula – crowded, filled, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'sam-ā' + root 'kul' (to collect, crowd) + 'kta' suffix.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Agrees with an implied neuter noun (e.g., 'vanam' - forest).

कुरङ्ग-बर्हिण (kuraṅga-barhiṇa) - antelopes and peacocks

(noun)

masculine, plural of kuraṅga-barhiṇa

kuraṅga-barhiṇa - antelope and peacock

A Dvandva compound listing antelopes and peacocks. This forms the first part of a larger adjective compound ('kuraṅgabarhiṇākīrṇam').

Compound type : dvandva (kuraṅga+barhiṇa)

• kuraṅga – antelope, deer
  noun (masculine)
• barhiṇa – peacock
  noun (masculine)

Note: Forms the first part of a larger compound with 'ākīrṇam'.

आकीर्णम् (ākīrṇam) - filled, covered, dense

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ākīrṇa

ākīrṇa - strewn, scattered, filled, covered

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṛ' (to strew, scatter) with prefix 'ā' and 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Agrees with an implied neuter noun. Forms a compound with 'kuraṅga-barhiṇa' through external sandhi.

मार्जार-भुजग (mārjāra-bhujaga) - cats and serpents

(noun)

masculine, plural of mārjāra-bhujaga

mārjāra-bhujaga - cat and serpent

A Dvandva compound listing cats and serpents. This forms the first part of a larger adjective compound ('mārjārabhujagāvṛtam').

Compound type : dvandva (mārjāra+bhujaga)

• mārjāra – cat
  noun (masculine)
• bhujaga – serpent, snake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Forms the first part of a larger compound with 'āvṛtam'.

आवृतम् (āvṛtam) - surrounded, covered, enveloped

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - covered, surrounded, enveloped, concealed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround) with prefix 'ā' and 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with an implied neuter noun. Forms a compound with 'mārjāra-bhujaga' through external sandhi.

पूगैः (pūgaiḥ) - by herds, by groups, by multitudes

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pūga

pūga - multitude, crowd, host, collection, group

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

मृगजातीनाम् (mṛgajātīnām) - of species of animals, of various kinds of deer

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of mṛgajāti

mṛgajāti - species of deer/animals, various kinds of wild animals

Compound of 'mṛga' (deer, wild animal) and 'jāti' (species, kind).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+jāti)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
• jāti – birth, origin, species, kind
  noun (feminine)

Note: Relates to 'pūgaiḥ'.

महिष-ऋक्ष (mahiṣa-ṛkṣa) - buffaloes and bears

(noun)

masculine, plural of mahiṣa-ṛkṣa

mahiṣa-ṛkṣa - buffalo and bear

A Dvandva compound listing buffaloes and bears. This forms the first part of a larger adjective compound ('mahiṣarkṣaniṣevitam').

Compound type : dvandva (mahiṣa+ṛkṣa)

• mahiṣa – buffalo
  noun (masculine)
• ṛkṣa – bear
  noun (masculine)

Note: Forms the first part of a larger compound with 'niṣevitam'.

निषेवितम् (niṣevitam) - frequented, attended, served

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of niṣevita

niṣevita - frequented, attended, resorted to, served

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sev' (to serve, attend) with prefix 'ni' and 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: ni

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Agrees with an implied neuter noun. Forms a compound with 'mahiṣa-ṛkṣa' through external sandhi.