महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-14, verse-178

अब्रुवं च तदा देवं हर्षगद्गदया गिरा ।
जानुभ्यामवनिं गत्वा प्रणम्य च पुनः पुनः ॥१७८॥

178. abruvaṁ ca tadā devaṁ harṣagadgadayā girā ,
jānubhyāmavaniṁ gatvā praṇamya ca punaḥ punaḥ.

178. abruvam ca tadā devam harṣagadgadayā girā
jānubhyām avanim gatvā praṇamya ca punaḥ punaḥ

178. tadā ca janubhyām avanim gatvā punaḥ punaḥ
praṇamya ca harṣagadgadayā girā devam abruvam

178. Then, having knelt on the ground and repeatedly prostrated myself, I spoke to the god in a voice choked with joy.

Words meanings summery:

• अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I said, I spoke

• च (ca) - and, also

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• देवम् (devam) - to Mahadeva (Shiva) (to the god)

• हर्षगद्गदया (harṣagadgadayā) - with a voice choked with joy

• गिरा (girā) - by voice, with speech

• जानुभ्याम् (jānubhyām) - with two knees, on both knees

• अवनिम् (avanim) - to the earth, to the ground

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having knelt (on the ground) (having gone, having resorted to)

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having saluted

• च (ca) - and, also

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

Words meanings and morphology

अब्रुवम् (abruvam) - I said, I spoke

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect active indicative

Class 2 verb. 1st person singular Imperfect.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The narrator (Upamanyu) is the subject

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Formed from tad + dā suffix

देवम् (devam) - to Mahadeva (Shiva) (to the god)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

From root div- (to shine)

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Object of 'abruvam'

हर्षगद्गदया (harṣagadgadayā) - with a voice choked with joy

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of harṣagadgada

harṣagadgada - choked (voice) from joy, faltering with delight

Compound of harṣa (joy) + gadgada (stammering, faltering)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (harṣa+gadgada)

• harṣa – joy, delight, happiness
  noun (masculine)
  From root hṛṣ- (to be excited, delighted)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• gadgada – faltering, stammering, inarticulate (voice)
  adjective (masculine)
  Onomatopoeic or derived from gad- (to speak confusedly)

Note: Describes the manner of speaking

गिरा (girā) - by voice, with speech

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gir

gir - voice, speech, word

Root gṛ- (to praise, proclaim)

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Instrument of speaking

जानुभ्याम् (jānubhyām) - with two knees, on both knees

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, dual of jānu

jānu - knee

Note: Indicates the posture of kneeling

अवनिम् (avanim) - to the earth, to the ground

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avani

avani - earth, ground, land

Root: av (class 1)

Note: Object of 'gatvā'

गत्वा (gatvā) - having knelt (on the ground) (having gone, having resorted to)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root gam- + -tvā suffix

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having saluted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix pra- + root nam- + -ya suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice for emphasis (punaḥ punaḥ)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used twice for emphasis (punaḥ punaḥ)