महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-14, verse-149

तेषां मध्यगतो देवो रराज भगवाञ्शिवः ।
शरद्घनविनिर्मुक्तः परिविष्ट इवांशुमान् ।
ततोऽहमस्तुवं देवं स्तवेनानेन सुव्रतम् ॥१४९॥

149. teṣāṁ madhyagato devo rarāja bhagavāñśivaḥ ,
śaradghanavinirmuktaḥ pariviṣṭa ivāṁśumān ,
tato'hamastuvaṁ devaṁ stavenānena suvratam.

149. teṣām madhyagataḥ devaḥ rarāja
bhagavān śivaḥ śaradghanavinirmuktaḥ
pariviṣṭaḥ iva aṃśumān tataḥ aham
astuvam devam staven anena suvratam

149. teṣām madhyagataḥ devaḥ bhagavān
śivaḥ śaradghanavinirmuktaḥ pariviṣṭaḥ
aṃśumān iva rarāja tataḥ aham
anena staven suvratam devam astuvam

149. Among them, the divine Lord (bhagavān) Śiva shone. He was like the sun (aṃśumān), freed from autumn clouds and surrounded by a halo. Then, I praised that virtuous (suvrata) deity with this hymn.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them (referring to Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Indra) (of them, among them)

• मध्यगतः (madhyagataḥ) - situated in the midst of them, among them (gone into the middle, situated in the midst)

• देवः (devaḥ) - the god (Śiva) (god, deity)

• रराज (rarāja) - he shone (he shone, he gleamed)

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - the divine Lord (divine, glorious, venerable, Lord)

• शिवः (śivaḥ) - Śiva (the god) (Śiva, auspicious)

• शरद्घनविनिर्मुक्तः (śaradghanavinirmuktaḥ) - freed from autumn clouds

• परिविष्टः (pariviṣṭaḥ) - surrounded by a halo (surrounded, encompassed)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• अंशुमान् (aṁśumān) - the sun (radiant, possessed of rays, the sun)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

• अस्तुवम् (astuvam) - I praised (I praised, I lauded)

• देवम् (devam) - the deity (Śiva) (god, deity)

• स्तवेन (stavena) - with a hymn (by a hymn, with praise)

• अनेन (anena) - with this (hymn) (by this, with this)

• सुव्रतम् (suvratam) - the virtuous (deity) (virtuous, of good vows, of excellent observances)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - among them (referring to Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Indra) (of them, among them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of tad

tad - that, those

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Used for all genders in plural genitive. Here referring to masculine deities.

मध्यगतः (madhyagataḥ) - situated in the midst of them, among them (gone into the middle, situated in the midst)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madhyagata

madhyagata - being in the middle, central, intervening

Past Passive Participle

Compound of madhya and gata (PPP of gam)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madhya+gata)

• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)
• gata – gone, arrived, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root gam
  Root: gam (class 1)

देवः (devaḥ) - the god (Śiva) (god, deity)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity

रराज (rarāja) - he shone (he shone, he gleamed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of rāj

Perfect Active

3rd person singular perfect active of root rāj (class 1 Ātmanepada)

Root: rāj (class 1)

भगवान् (bhagavān) - the divine Lord (divine, glorious, venerable, Lord)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - fortunate, glorious, venerable, divine, Lord

possessive suffix -vat

possessing bhaga (fortune, excellence)

Note: Often used as an honorific title for deities.

शिवः (śivaḥ) - Śiva (the god) (Śiva, auspicious)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, benevolent; name of the god Śiva

शरद्घनविनिर्मुक्तः (śaradghanavinirmuktaḥ) - freed from autumn clouds

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaradghanavinirmukta

śaradghanavinirmukta - freed from autumn clouds

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śarad+ghana+vinirmukta)

• śarad – autumn
  noun (feminine)
• ghana – cloud, thick, dense
  noun (masculine)
• vinirmukta – freed, released, liberated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root muc with prefix vi and nir
  Prefixes: vi+nir
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Compound describing the sun.

परिविष्टः (pariviṣṭaḥ) - surrounded by a halo (surrounded, encompassed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pariviṣṭa

pariviṣṭa - surrounded, encompassed, served (with food)

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root viś with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Implies being surrounded by a circle of light/halo.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अंशुमान् (aṁśumān) - the sun (radiant, possessed of rays, the sun)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṃśumat

aṁśumat - radiant, glorious, the sun, moon

possessive suffix -mat

possessing aṃśu (ray of light)

Note: Epithet for the sun god.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

1st person singular pronoun

अस्तुवम् (astuvam) - I praised (I praised, I lauded)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of stu

Imperfect Active

1st person singular imperfect active of root stu (class 2 Parasmaipada)

Root: stu (class 2)

देवम् (devam) - the deity (Śiva) (god, deity)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity

Note: Object of 'astuvam'.

स्तवेन (stavena) - with a hymn (by a hymn, with praise)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of stava

stava - hymn, praise, eulogy

Note: Indicates the means of praise.

अनेन (anena) - with this (hymn) (by this, with this)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to 'stave'.

सुव्रतम् (suvratam) - the virtuous (deity) (virtuous, of good vows, of excellent observances)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suvrata

suvrata - of good vows, virtuous, pious

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+vrata)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious duty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'devam'.