महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-136, verse-56

त्वमाश्रितो नगस्याग्रं मूलं त्वहमुपाश्रितः ।
चिरोषिताविहावां वै वृक्षेऽस्मिन्विदितं हि ते ॥५६॥

56. tvamāśrito nagasyāgraṁ mūlaṁ tvahamupāśritaḥ ,
ciroṣitāvihāvāṁ vai vṛkṣe'sminviditaṁ hi te.

56. tvam āśritaḥ nagasya agram mūlam tu aham upāśritaḥ
| ciroṣitau iha āvām vai vṛkṣe asmin viditam hi te

56. tvam nagasya agram āśritaḥ aham tu mūlam upāśritaḥ hi
āvām iha asmin vṛkṣe ciroṣitau vai etat te viditam

56. You have taken refuge at the top of the tree, while I have resorted to its root. Indeed, we two have resided here on this very tree for a long time; this is certainly known to you.

Words meanings summery:

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (the addressee) (you)

• आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - taken refuge in (resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on)

• नगस्य (nagasya) - of the tree (of the tree, of the mountain)

• अग्रम् (agram) - top (top, tip, front, highest part)

• मूलम् (mūlam) - root (of the tree) (root, base, origin, foundation)

• तु (tu) - while, but (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

• उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - resorted to (resorted to, taken refuge in, supported by)

• चिरोषितौ (ciroṣitau) - having resided for a long time (having resided for a long time, long-dwelled)

• इह (iha) - here (on this tree) (here, in this world, in this place)

• आवाम् (āvām) - we two (the speaker and the addressee) (we two, both of us)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, truly, certainly)

• वृक्षे (vṛkṣe) - on the tree

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - on this (tree) (on this)

• विदितम् (viditam) - known (it is known) (known, understood)

• हि (hi) - certainly (indeed, for, because, certainly)

• ते (te) - to you (to you, for you, your)

Words meanings and morphology

त्वम् (tvam) - you (the addressee) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

आश्रितः (āśritaḥ) - taken refuge in (resorted to, taken refuge in, dependent on)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśrita

āśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in

Past Passive Participle

derived from root śri (1st class, P) with upasarga ā and kta suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

नगस्य (nagasya) - of the tree (of the tree, of the mountain)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of naga

naga - tree, mountain

अग्रम् (agram) - top (top, tip, front, highest part)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of agra

agra - top, tip, front, highest part

मूलम् (mūlam) - root (of the tree) (root, base, origin, foundation)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, base, origin, foundation

तु (tu) - while, but (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

particle

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - resorted to (resorted to, taken refuge in, supported by)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāśrita

upāśrita - resorted to, taken refuge in, supported by

Past Passive Participle

derived from root śri (1st class, P) with upasargas upa and ā, and kta suffix

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

चिरोषितौ (ciroṣitau) - having resided for a long time (having resided for a long time, long-dwelled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ciroṣita

ciroṣita - long-dwelled

compound of cira (long time) + uṣita (dwelled)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (cira+uṣita)

• cira – long time
  indeclinable
• uṣita – dwelled, resided
  participle (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root vas (1st class, P) with kta suffix
  Root: vas (class 1)

इह (iha) - here (on this tree) (here, in this world, in this place)

(indeclinable)

adverb of place

आवाम् (āvām) - we two (the speaker and the addressee) (we two, both of us)

(pronoun)

Nominative, dual of asmad

asmad - I

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, verily, truly, certainly)

(indeclinable)

particle

वृक्षे (vṛkṣe) - on the tree

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

अस्मिन् (asmin) - on this (tree) (on this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

विदितम् (viditam) - known (it is known) (known, understood)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood

Past Passive Participle

derived from root vid (2nd class, P) with kta suffix

Root: vid (class 2)

हि (hi) - certainly (indeed, for, because, certainly)

(indeclinable)

particle

ते (te) - to you (to you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you