महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-136, verse-149

उत्पन्ने कारणे प्रीतिर्नास्ति नौ कारणान्तरे ।
प्रध्वस्ते कारणस्थाने सा प्रीतिर्विनिवर्तते ॥१४९॥

149. utpanne kāraṇe prītirnāsti nau kāraṇāntare ,
pradhvaste kāraṇasthāne sā prītirvinivartate.

149. utpanne kāraṇe prītiḥ na asti nau kāraṇāntare
| pradhvaste kāraṇasthāne sā prītiḥ vinivartate

149. utpanne kāraṇe,
prītiḥ kāraṇāntare nau na asti.
kāraṇasthāne pradhvaste,
sā prītiḥ vinivartate.

149. When a reason for affection arises, that affection certainly does not exist for any other reason. Once the basis of that reason is destroyed, that affection completely vanishes.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्पन्ने (utpanne) - when it has arisen (locative absolute) (arisen, produced, manifest)

• कारणे (kāraṇe) - when a cause/reason (for affection) (in the cause, reason, motive, instrument)

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection (affection, love, delight, joy)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अस्ति (asti) - exists (is, exists, there is)

• नौ (nau) - certainly (emphatic particle) (indeed not, certainly not, for us (dual))

• कारणान्तरे (kāraṇāntare) - for any other reason (in another cause, in another reason)

• प्रध्वस्ते (pradhvaste) - when it is destroyed (destroyed, annihilated, vanished)

• कारणस्थाने (kāraṇasthāne) - when the basis of that cause (in the place of the cause, in the situation of the cause, where the cause stands)

• सा (sā) - that (affection) (that (feminine))

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - that affection (affection, love, delight, joy)

• विनिवर्तते (vinivartate) - completely vanishes (ceases completely, returns, withdraws, disappears)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्पन्ने (utpanne) - when it has arisen (locative absolute) (arisen, produced, manifest)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of utpanna

utpanna - arisen, produced, manifest, born

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'pad' with prefix 'ut' and 'pra', meaning 'to arise', 'to be produced'.

Prefix: ut-

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction.

कारणे (kāraṇe) - when a cause/reason (for affection) (in the cause, reason, motive, instrument)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, instrument, means

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix 'ana'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with utpanne.

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection (affection, love, delight, joy)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - affection, love, delight, joy, satisfaction

Derived from root 'prī' (to please, to love).

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

अस्ति (asti) - exists (is, exists, there is)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present Active Indicative

3rd person singular present active.

Root: as (class 2)

नौ (nau) - certainly (emphatic particle) (indeed not, certainly not, for us (dual))

(indeclinable)

Used as an emphatic particle, similar to 'nu'. Alternatively, dual dative/genitive of 'asmad' (us). In this context, emphatic particle fits better.

Note: Interpret as an emphatic particle here.

कारणान्तरे (kāraṇāntare) - for any other reason (in another cause, in another reason)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kāraṇāntara

kāraṇāntara - another cause, different reason

Compound of kāraṇa (cause) and antara (other, different).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāraṇa+antara)

• kāraṇa – cause, reason, motive
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• antara – other, different, inner, interval
  adjective

प्रध्वस्ते (pradhvaste) - when it is destroyed (destroyed, annihilated, vanished)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pradhvasta

pradhvasta - destroyed, annihilated, vanished, ruined

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'dhvaṃs' with prefix 'pra', meaning 'to fall down', 'to perish'.

Prefix: pra-

Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction.

कारणस्थाने (kāraṇasthāne) - when the basis of that cause (in the place of the cause, in the situation of the cause, where the cause stands)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kāraṇasthāna

kāraṇasthāna - place of cause, basis of cause

Compound of kāraṇa (cause) and sthāna (place, position, basis).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāraṇa+sthāna)

• kāraṇa – cause, reason, motive
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• sthāna – place, position, stand, basis, situation
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with pradhvaste.

सा (sā) - that (affection) (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to prītiḥ.

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - that affection (affection, love, delight, joy)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - affection, love, delight, joy, satisfaction

Derived from root 'prī' (to please, to love).

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

विनिवर्तते (vinivartate) - completely vanishes (ceases completely, returns, withdraws, disappears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Middle Indicative

3rd person singular present middle (ātmanepada) of root 'vṛt' with prefixes 'vi' and 'ni', meaning 'to turn back', 'to cease'.

Prefixes: vi-+ni-

Root: vṛt (class 1)