महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-136, verse-180

तन्मामेवंगते साधो न यावयितुमर्हसि ।
त्वया हि याव्यमानोऽहं प्राणाञ्जह्यां सबान्धवः ॥१८०॥

180. tanmāmevaṁgate sādho na yāvayitumarhasi ,
tvayā hi yāvyamāno'haṁ prāṇāñjahyāṁ sabāndhavaḥ.

180. tat mām evaṃgate sādho na yāvayitum arhasi tvayā
hi yāvyamānaḥ aham prāṇān jahyām sabāndhavaḥ

180. sādho tat evaṃgate mām na yāvayitum arhasi hi
tvayā yāvyamānaḥ aham sabāndhavaḥ prāṇān jahyām

180. Therefore, O good one, you should not banish me when I am in such a state. Indeed, if I were to be banished by you, I would abandon my life along with my relatives.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - therefore, so, that

• माम् (mām) - me

• एवंगते (evaṁgate) - being in such a state, having reached this condition

• साधो (sādho) - O good one, O righteous one, O excellent one

• न (na) - not, no

• यावयितुम् (yāvayitum) - to cause to go, to drive away, to banish, to remove

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• याव्यमानः (yāvyamānaḥ) - being caused to go, being driven away, being expelled

• अहम् (aham) - I

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, life breaths

• जह्याम् (jahyām) - I would abandon, I would give up, I should abandon

• सबान्धवः (sabāndhavaḥ) - with kinsmen, along with relatives

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - therefore, so, that

(indeclinable)

Indeclinable usage of the demonstrative pronoun stem.

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

एवंगते (evaṁgate) - being in such a state, having reached this condition

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of evaṃgata

evaṁgata - being in such a state, having come to this condition

Past Passive Participle

Compound of `evam` (thus, so) and `gata` (gone, reached, become).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (evam+gata)

• evam – thus, so, in this manner
  indeclinable
• gata – gone, reached, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `gam` (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally to describe the state of `mām` (me).

साधो (sādho) - O good one, O righteous one, O excellent one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, excellent, holy man, sage

From root `sādh` (to accomplish, succeed).

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Used as a noun in vocative.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

यावयितुम् (yāvayitum) - to cause to go, to drive away, to banish, to remove

(verb)

causative, infinitive (tumun) of yā

causative infinitive

Infinitive form of the causative of root `yā` (to go). The causative stem is `yāpaya` or `yāvaya`.

Root: yā (class 2)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you deserve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Active

Root `arh` (to deserve, to be able) active voice (parasmaipada) 2nd person singular.

Root: arh (class 1)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent in a passive construction (`yāvyamānaḥ`).

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing emphasis or cause.

याव्यमानः (yāvyamānaḥ) - being caused to go, being driven away, being expelled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yāvyamāna

yāvyamāna - being caused to go, being driven away

Present Passive Participle (causative)

From the causative stem `yāvaya` (from root `yā`) with suffix `māna`, indicating passive.

Root: yā (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - lives, life breaths

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - life-breath, vital energy, life

From root `an` (to breathe) with prefix `pra` (forth) and suffix `aṇ`.

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Object of `jahyām`.

जह्याम् (jahyām) - I would abandon, I would give up, I should abandon

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of hā

Optative Active

Root `hā` (to abandon), active voice (parasmaipada) 1st person singular, optative mood.

Root: hā (class 3)

सबान्धवः (sabāndhavaḥ) - with kinsmen, along with relatives

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabāndhava

sabāndhava - accompanied by relatives, with kinsmen

Bahuvrihi compound `sa` (with) + `bāndhava` (relative, kinsman).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bāndhava)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• bāndhava – relative, kinsman, friend
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with `aham`.