महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-136, verse-4

शत्रुभिर्बहुभिर्ग्रस्तो यथा वर्तेत पार्थिवः ।
एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं सर्वमेव यथाविधि ॥४॥

4. śatrubhirbahubhirgrasto yathā varteta pārthivaḥ ,
etadicchāmyahaṁ śrotuṁ sarvameva yathāvidhi.

4. śatrubhiḥ bahubhiḥ grastaḥ yathā varteta pārthivaḥ
etat icchāmi aham śrotum sarvam eva yathāvidhi

4. yathā bahubhiḥ śatrubhiḥ grastaḥ pārthivaḥ varteta
etat sarvam eva yathāvidhi aham śrotum icchāmi

4. I wish to hear all of this properly: how a ruler, when seized by many enemies, should conduct himself.

Words meanings summery:

• शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies, by foes

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many, by numerous

• ग्रस्तः (grastaḥ) - afflicted, seized, overcome

• यथा (yathā) - how, in what manner

• वर्तेत (varteta) - should act, should behave

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - a king, ruler

• एतत् (etat) - this

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire, I wish

• अहम् (aham) - I

• श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, even

• यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule, properly

Words meanings and morphology

शत्रुभिः (śatrubhiḥ) - by enemies, by foes

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many, by numerous

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

ग्रस्तः (grastaḥ) - afflicted, seized, overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of grasta

grasta - seized, overcome, afflicted, devoured

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gras (to seize, swallow)

Root: gras (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

वर्तेत (varteta) - should act, should behave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi liṅ) of vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - a king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - of the earth; a king, ruler

From pṛthivī (earth) + -a (secondary suffix)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire, I wish

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

श्रोतुम् (śrotum) - to hear

(infinitive)

Note: Formed with the -tum suffix for infinitive.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole, entire

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

एव (eva) - indeed, only, even

(indeclinable)

यथाविधि (yathāvidhi) - according to rule, properly

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayibhāva (yathā+vidhi)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• vidhi – rule, method, ordinance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)