महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-136, verse-10

एतद्वै सर्वकृत्यानां परं कृत्यं परंतप ।
नैतस्य कश्चिद्वक्तास्ति श्रोता चापि सुदुर्लभः ॥१०॥

10. etadvai sarvakṛtyānāṁ paraṁ kṛtyaṁ paraṁtapa ,
naitasya kaścidvaktāsti śrotā cāpi sudurlabhaḥ.

10. etat vai sarvakṛtyānām param kṛtyam paraṃtapa na
etasya kaścit vaktā asti śrotā ca api sudurlabhaḥ

10. paraṃtapa etat vai sarvakṛtyānām param kṛtyam etasya
kaścit vaktā na asti ca api śrotā sudurlabhaḥ

10. O scorcher of foes, this indeed is the supreme task among all tasks. There is no one who can speak of this, and a listener for it is also extremely rare.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this, this one

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

• सर्वकृत्यानाम् (sarvakṛtyānām) - of all duties, of all actions

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, most excellent

• कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - duty, action, task

• परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O scorcher of foes

• न (na) - not, no

• एतस्य (etasya) - of this

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone

• वक्ता (vaktā) - speaker, one who speaks

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• श्रोता (śrotā) - listener, one who listens

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also

• सुदुर्लभः (sudurlabhaḥ) - very rare, extremely difficult to obtain

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, that

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

(indeclinable)

सर्वकृत्यानाम् (sarvakṛtyānām) - of all duties, of all actions

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvakṛtya

sarvakṛtya - all duties, all actions

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+kṛtya)

• sarva – all, every, whole, entire
  adjective
• kṛtya – duty, action, what is to be done, task
  noun (neuter)
  gerundive
  potential passive participle from root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of para

para - supreme, highest, excellent, other, beyond, ultimate

कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - duty, action, task

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - duty, action, what is to be done, task

gerundive

potential passive participle from root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O scorcher of foes

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa

paraṁtapa - tormenting foes, scorcher of enemies, subduer of opponents

Compound type : āluki-tatpuruṣa (param+tapa)

• para – other, enemy, superior, distant
  noun (masculine)
• tapa – causing pain, scorching, tormenting
  noun/adjective (masculine)
  from root tap
  Root: tap (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एतस्य (etasya) - of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, that

Note: Refers to the 'kṛtya' (duty/task).

कश्चित् (kaścit) - anyone, someone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, anyone, a certain (person)

formed from kim + cit

वक्ता (vaktā) - speaker, one who speaks

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaktṛ

vaktṛ - speaker, orator, reciter

agent noun from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

श्रोता (śrotā) - listener, one who listens

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrotṛ

śrotṛ - listener, hearer

agent noun from root śru

Root: śru (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

सुदुर्लभः (sudurlabhaḥ) - very rare, extremely difficult to obtain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudurlabha

sudurlabha - very rare, extremely difficult to obtain, scarce

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+durlabha)

• su – good, well, excellent, very, easily
  indeclinable
• durlabha – difficult to obtain, rare, unattainable
  adjective (masculine)