महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-136, verse-140

पुत्रं हि मातापितरु त्यजतः पतितं प्रियम् ।
लोको रक्षति चात्मानं पश्य स्वार्थस्य सारताम् ॥१४०॥

140. putraṁ hi mātāpitaru tyajataḥ patitaṁ priyam ,
loko rakṣati cātmānaṁ paśya svārthasya sāratām.

140. putram hi mātāpitarau tyajataḥ patitam priyam
lokaḥ rakṣati ca ātmānam paśya svārthasya sāratām

140. hi mātāpitarau patitam priyam putram tyajataḥ.
lokaḥ ca ātmānam rakṣati.
svārthasya sāratām paśya.

140. Indeed, even a beloved, fallen son is abandoned by mother and father. The world (loka) protects its own self (ātman). Behold the essence of self-interest!

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रम् (putram) - son, child

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• मातापितरौ (mātāpitarau) - mother and father, parents

• त्यजतः (tyajataḥ) - they (two) abandon, they (two) forsake

• पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, degraded, outcast

• प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved, pleasing

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - world, people, community

• रक्षति (rakṣati) - he/it protects, guards, preserves

• च (ca) - and, also

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself, the self, the soul, the spirit

• पश्य (paśya) - see! behold! look!

• स्वार्थस्य (svārthasya) - of self-interest, of one's own purpose

• सारताम् (sāratām) - the essence, the importance, the value

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रम् (putram) - son, child

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

मातापितरौ (mātāpitarau) - mother and father, parents

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mātāpitṛ

mātāpitṛ - mother and father, parents

Compound type : dvandva (mātṛ+pitṛ)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)

त्यजतः (tyajataḥ) - they (two) abandon, they (two) forsake

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, present indicative (laṭ) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

पतितम् (patitam) - fallen, degraded, outcast

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, degraded, outcast, impure

Past Passive Participle

From root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

प्रियम् (priyam) - dear, beloved, pleasing

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable, one's own

लोकः (lokaḥ) - world, people, community

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm, community, mankind

Root: lok (class 1)

रक्षति (rakṣati) - he/it protects, guards, preserves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of rakṣ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - oneself, the self, the soul, the spirit

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, essence, breath, spirit, individual soul

पश्य (paśya) - see! behold! look!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative stem for root dṛś.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

स्वार्थस्य (svārthasya) - of self-interest, of one's own purpose

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of svārtha

svārtha - self-interest, one's own purpose, own wealth, selfish motive

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+artha)

• sva – own, one's own, self
  pronoun/adjective
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object, affair
  noun (masculine)

सारताम् (sāratām) - the essence, the importance, the value

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sāratā

sāratā - essence, essential nature, excellence, importance, value

Derived from sāra (essence) with suffix -tā.