महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-12, chapter-136, verse-181
धिक्शब्दो हि बुधैर्दृष्टो मद्विधेषु मनस्विषु ।
मरणं धर्मतत्त्वज्ञ न मां शङ्कितुमर्हसि ॥१८१॥
मरणं धर्मतत्त्वज्ञ न मां शङ्कितुमर्हसि ॥१८१॥
181. dhikśabdo hi budhairdṛṣṭo madvidheṣu manasviṣu ,
maraṇaṁ dharmatattvajña na māṁ śaṅkitumarhasi.
maraṇaṁ dharmatattvajña na māṁ śaṅkitumarhasi.
181.
dhik-śabdaḥ hi budhaiḥ dṛṣṭaḥ mat-vidheṣu manasviṣu
maraṇam dharma-tattva-jña na mām śaṅkitum arhasi
maraṇam dharma-tattva-jña na mām śaṅkitum arhasi
181.
dharma-tattva-jña budhaiḥ mat-vidheṣu manasviṣu
dhik-śabdaḥ hi dṛṣṭaḥ mām śaṅkitum maraṇam na arhasi
dhik-śabdaḥ hi dṛṣṭaḥ mām śaṅkitum maraṇam na arhasi
181.
Indeed, the wise consider the word "shame" appropriate for self-respecting individuals like me. O knower of the essence of natural law (dharma), you should not suspect me, even unto death.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- धिक्-शब्दः (dhik-śabdaḥ) - the word "fie", the word "shame"
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because
- बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by the wise, by scholars
- दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed, considered
- मत्-विधेषु (mat-vidheṣu) - among those like me, in persons like me
- मनस्विषु (manasviṣu) - among self-respecting ones, among proud individuals
- मरणम् (maraṇam) - even if it means death (death, dying)
- धर्म-तत्त्व-ज्ञ (dharma-tattva-jña) - O knower of the essence of natural law
- न (na) - not, no
- माम् (mām) - me
- शङ्कितुम् (śaṅkitum) - to suspect, to doubt
- अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should, you ought, you are able
Words meanings and morphology
धिक्-शब्दः (dhik-śabdaḥ) - the word "fie", the word "shame"
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dhik-śabda
dhik-śabda - the word "fie", the word "shame", an expression of censure
Compound type : tatpurusha (dhik+śabda)
- dhik – fie, shame (interjection of censure)
indeclinable - śabda – word, sound, voice
noun (masculine)
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because
(indeclinable)
बुधैः (budhaiḥ) - by the wise, by scholars
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of budha
budha - wise, intelligent, learned person, a sage
Root: budh (class 1)
दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed, considered
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa
dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived, considered, appeared
Past Passive Participle
Root: dṛś (class 1)
मत्-विधेषु (mat-vidheṣu) - among those like me, in persons like me
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of mat-vidha
mat-vidha - like me, similar to me
Compound type : tatpurusha (mad+vidha)
- mad – my, me (ablative/genitive/instrumental form of 'asmad' in compound)
pronoun - vidha – kind, sort, like, similar
noun (masculine)
मनस्विषु (manasviṣu) - among self-respecting ones, among proud individuals
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, plural of manasvin
manasvin - proud, high-minded, self-respecting, spirited
मरणम् (maraṇam) - even if it means death (death, dying)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of maraṇa
maraṇa - death, dying, mortality
Root: mṛ (class 6)
धर्म-तत्त्व-ज्ञ (dharma-tattva-jña) - O knower of the essence of natural law
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dharma-tattva-jña
dharma-tattva-jña - knower of the essence/truth of dharma (natural law, righteousness)
Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+tattva+jña)
- dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue
noun (masculine) - tattva – essence, reality, truth, principle, true nature
noun (neuter) - jña – knower, understanding, one who knows
adjective/noun (masculine)
Derived from root jñā, 'to know'
Root: jñā (class 9)
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
माम् (mām) - me
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)
शङ्कितुम् (śaṅkitum) - to suspect, to doubt
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
Infinitive form of the verb śaṅk
Root: śaṅk (class 1)
अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should, you ought, you are able
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of arh
Root: arh (class 1)