महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-90

स एवमुक्तस्ताः स्त्रियः प्रत्युवाच ।
न मया स्त्रीणां वचनादिदमकार्यं कार्यम् ।
न ह्यहमुपाध्यायेन संदिष्टः ।
अकार्यमपि त्वया कार्यमिति ॥९०॥

90. sa evamuktastāḥ striyaḥ pratyuvāca ,
na mayā strīṇāṁ vacanādidamakāryaṁ kāryam ,
na hyahamupādhyāyena saṁdiṣṭaḥ ,
akāryamapi tvayā kāryamiti.

90. sa evam uktaḥ tāḥ striyaḥ prati uvāca
| na mayā strīṇām vacanāt idam akāryam
kāryam | na hi aham upādhyāyena
saṃdiṣṭaḥ | akāryam api tvayā kāryam iti

90. He, thus addressed, replied to those women: 'This improper act should not be done by me merely at the bidding of women. Indeed, I was not instructed by my teacher with the words, "Even an improper act should be performed by you."'

90. כששמע זאת, השיב לנשים, איני עושה מעשה שאסור לעשותו רק לפי דברי נשים. המורה לא ציווה עלי לעשות אפילו את מה שאסור.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - He (the disciple Uttanka) (he, that)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by the women) (spoken, said, addressed)

• ताः (tāḥ) - those (women) (those)

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

• प्रति (prati) - in reply to (towards, against)

• उवाच (uvāca) - replied (spoke, said, replied)

• न (na) - not, no

• मया (mayā) - by me

• स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

• वचनात् (vacanāt) - at the bidding of (the words of women) (from words, at the bidding of)

• इदम् (idam) - this (act) (this)

• अकार्यम् (akāryam) - an improper act/task (not to be done, improper act, duty, task)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - an act (to be done) (to be done, proper, duty, act, task)

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - for (introducing a reason) (indeed, for, because)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• उपाध्यायेन (upādhyāyena) - by the teacher

• संदिष्टः (saṁdiṣṭaḥ) - instructed, directed, advised

• अकार्यम् (akāryam) - an improper act/task (as part of the teacher's instruction) (not to be done, improper act, duty, task)

• अपि (api) - even (if improper) (even, also, too)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done (by you) (to be done, proper, duty, act, task)

• इति (iti) - quote marker, indicating end of direct speech (thus, so, in this manner)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - He (the disciple Uttanka) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (by the women) (spoken, said, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told, uttered

perfect passive participle

root vac (to speak) + kta (suffix for past participle)

Root: vac (class 2)

ताः (tāḥ) - those (women) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

प्रति (prati) - in reply to (towards, against)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often functions as a preposition or verb prefix

उवाच (uvāca) - replied (spoke, said, replied)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

स्त्रीणाम् (strīṇām) - of women

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

वचनात् (vacanāt) - at the bidding of (the words of women) (from words, at the bidding of)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying, command

action noun

root vac + ana

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this (act) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

अकार्यम् (akāryam) - an improper act/task (not to be done, improper act, duty, task)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akārya

akārya - not to be done, improper, wrong

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+kārya)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• kārya – to be done, proper, duty, task
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive
  root kṛ (to do) + ṇya/ya (suffix for gerundive)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

कार्यम् (kāryam) - an act (to be done) (to be done, proper, duty, act, task)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, proper, duty, task, action, business

gerundive

root kṛ (to do) + ṇya/ya (suffix for gerundive)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - for (introducing a reason) (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

उपाध्यायेन (upādhyāyena) - by the teacher

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - teacher, preceptor

upa-adhi-i (to go) + a (suffix)

Prefixes: upa+adhi

Root: i (class 2)

संदिष्टः (saṁdiṣṭaḥ) - instructed, directed, advised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃdiṣṭa

saṁdiṣṭa - instructed, directed, commanded, pointed out

perfect passive participle

sam-√diś (to point, direct) + kta (suffix for past participle)

Prefix: sam

Root: diś (class 6)

अकार्यम् (akāryam) - an improper act/task (as part of the teacher's instruction) (not to be done, improper act, duty, task)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of akārya

akārya - not to be done, improper, wrong

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+kārya)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
• kārya – to be done, proper, duty, task
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive
  root kṛ (to do) + ṇya/ya (suffix for gerundive)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अपि (api) - even (if improper) (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tva

tva - you

कार्यम् (kāryam) - should be done (by you) (to be done, proper, duty, act, task)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, proper, duty, task, action, business

gerundive

root kṛ (to do) + ṇya/ya (suffix for gerundive)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - quote marker, indicating end of direct speech (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

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