महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-185

तक्षकेण नरेन्द्रेन्द्र येन ते हिंसितः पिता ।
तस्मै प्रतिकुरुष्व त्वं पन्नगाय दुरात्मने ॥१८५॥

185. takṣakeṇa narendrendra yena te hiṁsitaḥ pitā ,
tasmai pratikuruṣva tvaṁ pannagāya durātmane.

185. takṣakeṇa narendrendra yena te hiṃsitaḥ pitā
| tasmai pratikuruṣva tvaṃ pannagāya durātmane

185. O best among kings, you must retaliate against that wicked serpent Takṣaka, by whom your father was harmed.

Words meanings summery:

• तक्षकेण (takṣakeṇa) - by Takṣaka

• नरेन्द्रेन्द्र (narendrendra) - O best among kings, O chief of kings

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• ते (te) - your (your, by you, to you)

• हिंसितः (hiṁsitaḥ) - killed (harmed, injured, killed)

• पिता (pitā) - father

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to that (serpent/Takṣaka) (to him, for that)

• प्रतिकुरुष्व (pratikuruṣva) - retaliate, take revenge, act against

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• पन्नगाय (pannagāya) - to the serpent

• दुरात्मने (durātmane) - to the evil-minded, to the wicked

Words meanings and morphology

तक्षकेण (takṣakeṇa) - by Takṣaka

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of takṣaka

takṣaka - the name of a serpent king

Root: takṣ (class 1)

नरेन्द्रेन्द्र (narendrendra) - O best among kings, O chief of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narendrendra

narendrendra - best among kings, chief of kings

Compound of narendra (king) and indra (chief/best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (narendra+indra)

• narendra – king, ruler (lit. chief of men)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of nara (man) and indra (chief)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun

ते (te) - your (your, by you, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun

Note: Genitive or dative singular enclitic form. Here, it functions as a possessive, 'your'.

हिंसितः (hiṁsitaḥ) - killed (harmed, injured, killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hiṃsita

hiṁsita - harmed, injured, killed

past passive participle

Derived from root √hiṃs

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: Used predicatively with 'pitā'

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

तस्मै (tasmai) - to that (serpent/Takṣaka) (to him, for that)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative/anaphoric pronoun

Note: Refers back to 'Takṣaka' / 'yena'

प्रतिकुरुष्व (pratikuruṣva) - retaliate, take revenge, act against

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

With prati, it means 'to act against', 'to retaliate'

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛ (class 8)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun

पन्नगाय (pannagāya) - to the serpent

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pannaga

pannaga - serpent, snake (lit. 'belly-goer')

From pan ('to go') and naga ('mountain', but here 'one who does not go on mountains', i.e. moves on its belly)

दुरात्मने (durātmane) - to the evil-minded, to the wicked

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious, depraved

From `dur` (bad) + `ātman` (self)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, mind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'pannagāya'