महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-185

तक्षकेण नरेन्द्रेन्द्र येन ते हिंसितः पिता ।
तस्मै प्रतिकुरुष्व त्वं पन्नगाय दुरात्मने ॥१८५॥

185. takṣakeṇa narendrendra yena te hiṁsitaḥ pitā ,
tasmai pratikuruṣva tvaṁ pannagāya durātmane.

185. takṣakeṇa narendrendra yena te hiṃsitaḥ pitā
| tasmai pratikuruṣva tvaṃ pannagāya durātmane

185. O best among kings, you must retaliate against that wicked serpent Takṣaka, by whom your father was harmed.

185. הו מלך המלכים, טַקְשַׁקַה הוא שהרג את אביך. נקום בו, בנחש המרושע.

Words meanings summery:

• तक्षकेण (takṣakeṇa) - by Takṣaka

• नरेन्द्रेन्द्र (narendrendra) - O best among kings, O chief of kings

• येन (yena) - by whom, by which

• ते (te) - your (your, by you, to you)

• हिंसितः (hiṁsitaḥ) - killed (harmed, injured, killed)

• पिता (pitā) - father

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to that (serpent/Takṣaka) (to him, for that)

• प्रतिकुरुष्व (pratikuruṣva) - retaliate, take revenge, act against

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• पन्नगाय (pannagāya) - to the serpent

• दुरात्मने (durātmane) - to the evil-minded, to the wicked

Words meanings and morphology

तक्षकेण (takṣakeṇa) - by Takṣaka

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of takṣaka

takṣaka - the name of a serpent king

Root: takṣ (class 1)

नरेन्द्रेन्द्र (narendrendra) - O best among kings, O chief of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narendrendra

narendrendra - best among kings, chief of kings

Compound of narendra (king) and indra (chief/best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (narendra+indra)

• narendra – king, ruler (lit. chief of men)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of nara (man) and indra (chief)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)

येन (yena) - by whom, by which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Relative pronoun

ते (te) - your (your, by you, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun

Note: Genitive or dative singular enclitic form. Here, it functions as a possessive, 'your'.

हिंसितः (hiṁsitaḥ) - killed (harmed, injured, killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hiṃsita

hiṁsita - harmed, injured, killed

past passive participle

Derived from root √hiṃs

Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: Used predicatively with 'pitā'

पिता (pitā) - father

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

तस्मै (tasmai) - to that (serpent/Takṣaka) (to him, for that)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative/anaphoric pronoun

Note: Refers back to 'Takṣaka' / 'yena'

प्रतिकुरुष्व (pratikuruṣva) - retaliate, take revenge, act against

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

With prati, it means 'to act against', 'to retaliate'

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛ (class 8)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun

पन्नगाय (pannagāya) - to the serpent

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of pannaga

pannaga - serpent, snake (lit. 'belly-goer')

From pan ('to go') and naga ('mountain', but here 'one who does not go on mountains', i.e. moves on its belly)

दुरात्मने (durātmane) - to the evil-minded, to the wicked

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious, depraved

From `dur` (bad) + `ātman` (self)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, mind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'pannagāya'

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