महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-189

राजर्षिवंशगोप्तारममरप्रतिमं नृपम् ।
जघान काश्यपं चैव न्यवर्तयत पापकृत् ॥१८९॥

189. rājarṣivaṁśagoptāramamarapratimaṁ nṛpam ,
jaghāna kāśyapaṁ caiva nyavartayata pāpakṛt.

189. rājarṣivaṃśagoptāram amarapratimaṃ nṛpam |
jaghāna kāśyapaṃ ca eva nyavartayata pāpakṛt

189. That wicked creature killed the king, who was the protector of the royal sage dynasty and equal to a god, and also made Kaśyapa turn back.

189. הוא הרג את המלך (אביך), שהגן על שושלת חוזי המלכים והיה דומה לבני האלמוות, והרשע הזה גם הניא את קָאשְׁיַפַּה מדרכו.

Words meanings summery:

• राजर्षिवंशगोप्तारम् (rājarṣivaṁśagoptāram) - the protector of the royal sage lineage

• अमरप्रतिमम् (amarapratimam) - equal to a god, divine

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - king

• जघान (jaghāna) - killed, struck

• काश्यपम् (kāśyapam) - Kaśyapa (acc.)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, only, also)

• न्यवर्तयत (nyavartayata) - made to turn back (caused to turn back, stopped, averted)

• पापकृत् (pāpakṛt) - wicked creature (Takṣaka) (doer of evil, sinner, wicked one)

Words meanings and morphology

राजर्षिवंशगोप्तारम् (rājarṣivaṁśagoptāram) - the protector of the royal sage lineage

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājarṣivaṃśagoptṛ

rājarṣivaṁśagoptṛ - protector of the lineage of royal sages

agent noun

Compound of rājarṣi (royal sage), vaṃśa (lineage), and goptṛ (protector)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājarṣi+vaṃśa+goptṛ)

• rājarṣi – royal sage
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of rājan (king) and ṛṣi (sage)
• vaṃśa – lineage, family, bamboo
  noun (masculine)
• goptṛ – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From √gup
  Root: gup (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'nṛpam'

अमरप्रतिमम् (amarapratimam) - equal to a god, divine

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amarapratima

amarapratima - similar to a god, equal to a god

Compound of amara (immortal/god) and pratima (equal/image)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (amara+pratima)

• amara – immortal, god
  noun (masculine)
  Negative prefix 'a' + mara (mortal)
  Prefix: a
• pratima – image, likeness, equal
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'nṛpam'

नृपम् (nṛpam) - king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, monarch

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, one who protects
  agent noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From √pā (to protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'jaghāna'

जघान (jaghāna) - killed, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

काश्यपम् (kāśyapam) - Kaśyapa (acc.)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāśyapa

kāśyapa - name of a sage

Note: Object of 'nyavartayata'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

एव (eva) - also (indeed, just, only, also)

(indeclinable)

Particle

न्यवर्तयत (nyavartayata) - made to turn back (caused to turn back, stopped, averted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛt

causative

`ni` + causative of `vṛt` (to cause to turn, avert)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The active meaning 'caused to turn back' is fitting

पापकृत् (pāpakṛt) - wicked creature (Takṣaka) (doer of evil, sinner, wicked one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpakṛt

pāpakṛt - doer of evil, sinner, wicked person

agent noun

Compound of pāpa (evil) and kṛt (doer, maker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+kṛt)

• pāpa – evil, sin
  noun (neuter)
• kṛt – doer, maker
  agent noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From √kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'jaghāna' and 'nyavartayata'

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