महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-187

तेन ह्यनपराधी स दष्टो दुष्टान्तरात्मना ।
पञ्चत्वमगमद्राजा वज्राहत इव द्रुमः ॥१८७॥

187. tena hyanaparādhī sa daṣṭo duṣṭāntarātmanā ,
pañcatvamagamadrājā vajrāhata iva drumaḥ.

187. tena hi anaparādhī sa daṣṭaḥ duṣṭāntarātmanā
| pañcatvam agamat rājā vajrāhataḥ iva drumaḥ

187. Indeed, that innocent king was bitten by that wicked-hearted (serpent) and met his death, just like a tree struck by a thunderbolt.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that (Takṣaka) (by him, by that)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• अनपराधी (anaparādhī) - innocent, faultless, blameless

• स (sa) - (the king) (he, that)

• दष्टः (daṣṭaḥ) - bitten

• दुष्टान्तरात्मना (duṣṭāntarātmanā) - by the one with a wicked inner self

• पञ्चत्वम् (pañcatvam) - death (the state of five, death (dissolution into five elements))

• अगमत् (agamat) - met, reached (went, reached, obtained)

• राजा (rājā) - king

• वज्राहतः (vajrāhataḥ) - struck by a thunderbolt

• इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

• द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - tree

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that (Takṣaka) (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative/anaphoric pronoun

Note: Agent of the passive action 'bitten'

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Particle

अनपराधी (anaparādhī) - innocent, faultless, blameless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anaparādhin

anaparādhin - innocent, blameless, faultless

Negative prefix `an` + `aparādhin` (offender)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+aparādhin)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
• aparādhin – offender, guilty
  adjective
  From `apa` + √rādh (to succeed, but with apa, to fail, offend)
  Prefix: apa
  Root: rādh (class 5)

Note: Refers to 'sa rājā'

स (sa) - (the king) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative/anaphoric pronoun

Note: Refers to the king

दष्टः (daṣṭaḥ) - bitten

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daṣṭa

daṣṭa - bitten, stung

past passive participle

From √daṃś

Root: daṃś (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively with 'sa rājā'

दुष्टान्तरात्मना (duṣṭāntarātmanā) - by the one with a wicked inner self

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of duṣṭāntarātman

duṣṭāntarātman - evil-minded, wicked-hearted

Compound of duṣṭa (wicked) and antarātman (inner self)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duṣṭa+antarātman)

• duṣṭa – wicked, corrupted, bad
  adjective
  past passive participle
  From √duṣ
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• antarātman – inner self, soul, mind
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: antar

Note: Agent of the passive action 'bitten'. Refers to Takṣaka.

पञ्चत्वम् (pañcatvam) - death (the state of five, death (dissolution into five elements))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pañcatva

pañcatva - the state of being five, dissolution into five elements, death

From pañcan (five) + -tva (suffix for 'state of being')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pañcan+tva)

• pañcan – five
  numeral
• tva – state of being, -ness
  suffix (neuter)
  Abstract noun suffix

Note: Object of 'agamat'

अगमत् (agamat) - met, reached (went, reached, obtained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'agamat'

वज्राहतः (vajrāhataḥ) - struck by a thunderbolt

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vajrāhata

vajrāhata - struck by a thunderbolt

Compound of vajra (thunderbolt) and āhata (struck)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vajra+āhata)

• vajra – thunderbolt, diamond
  noun (masculine)
• āhata – struck, hit, wounded
  adjective
  past passive participle
  From `ā` + √han
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'drumaḥ'

इव (iva) - just like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison

द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - tree

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree

Root: dru