महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-23

स तत्र संविवेश केदारखण्डे ।
शयाने तस्मिंस्तदुदकं तस्थौ ॥२३॥

23. sa tatra saṁviveśa kedārakhaṇḍe ,
śayāne tasmiṁstadudakaṁ tasthau.

23. saḥ tatra saṃviveśa kedārakhaṇḍe
śayāne tasmin tat udakam tasthau

23. He lay down there in the field embankment. As he lay, the water stopped.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Aruni) (he, that)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (at the field embankment) (there, in that place)

• संविवेश (saṁviveśa) - lay down (entered, sat down, reclined, lay down)

• केदारखण्डे (kedārakhaṇḍe) - in the field embankment (in the field embankment, in the section of the field)

• शयाने (śayāne) - (while) lying down (lying down, sleeping)

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - while he (Aruni) was lying (in him, on him, in that)

• तत् (tat) - that (specific water) (that, it)

• उदकम् (udakam) - the water (that was flowing out) (water)

• तस्थौ (tasthau) - stopped, held (its flow) (stood, remained, stopped)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Aruni) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of 'saṃviveśa'

तत्र (tatra) - there (at the field embankment) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From demonstrative pronoun tad + suffix tra

संविवेश (saṁviveśa) - lay down (entered, sat down, reclined, lay down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of saṃviś

Perfect tense

Perfect tense form of root viś with prefixes sam and vi

Prefixes: sam+vi

Root: viś (class 6)

केदारखण्डे (kedārakhaṇḍe) - in the field embankment (in the field embankment, in the section of the field)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kedārakhaṇḍa

kedārakhaṇḍa - a section of an irrigated field, a piece of arable land, a part of a field-embankment

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kedāra+khaṇḍa)

• kedāra – irrigated field, cultivated field, basin for water around the foot of a tree
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• khaṇḍa – piece, part, section, division, break, fragment
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  Root: khaṇḍ (class 1)

Note: Location for 'saṃviveśa'

शयाने (śayāne) - (while) lying down (lying down, sleeping)

(participle (adjective))

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'tasmin'

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - while he (Aruni) was lying (in him, on him, in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'śayāne'

तत् (tat) - that (specific water) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Modifies 'udakam'

उदकम् (udakam) - the water (that was flowing out) (water)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udaka

udaka - water, fluid, juice

Note: Subject of 'tasthau'

तस्थौ (tasthau) - stopped, held (its flow) (stood, remained, stopped)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sthā

Perfect tense

Perfect tense form of root sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second clause