महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-1

सूत उवाच ।
जनमेजयः पारिक्षितः सह भ्रातृभिः कुरुक्षेत्रे दीर्घसत्रमुपास्ते ।
तस्य भ्रातरस्त्रयः श्रुतसेन उग्रसेनो भीमसेन इति ॥१॥

1. sūta uvāca ,
janamejayaḥ pārikṣitaḥ saha bhrātṛbhiḥ kurukṣetre dīrghasatramupāste ,
tasya bhrātarastrayaḥ śrutasena ugraseno bhīmasena iti.

1. sūtaḥ uvāca janamejayaḥ pārikṣitaḥ
saha bhrātṛbhiḥ kurukṣetre dīrghasatram
upāste tasya bhrātaraḥ trayaḥ
śrutasenaḥ ugrasenaḥ bhīmasenaḥ iti

1. Sūta said: Janamejaya, son of Parikṣit, along with his brothers, was performing a long sacrifice in Kurukṣetra. His three brothers were Śrutasena, Ugrasena, and Bhīmasena.

Words meanings summery:

• सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (the narrator of the Mahābhārata to the sages) (charioteer, narrator)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• जनमेजयः (janamejayaḥ) - King Janamejaya (Janamejaya (a king))

• पारिक्षितः (pārikṣitaḥ) - (the) son of Parikṣit (son of Parikṣit)

• सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with his brothers (by brothers, with brothers)

• कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in Kurukṣetra (the holy field) (in Kurukṣetra)

• दीर्घसत्रम् (dīrghasatram) - a prolonged sacrificial session (a long sacrifice)

• उपास्ते (upāste) - was performing (a sacrifice) (performs, attends, worships)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (Janamejaya's) (his, of him)

• भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• श्रुतसेनः (śrutasenaḥ) - Śrutasena (Śrutasena (proper name))

• उग्रसेनः (ugrasenaḥ) - Ugrasena (Ugrasena (proper name))

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (proper name))

• इति (iti) - (indicating enumeration) (thus, so, end quote)

Words meanings and morphology

सूतः (sūtaḥ) - Sūta (the narrator of the Mahābhārata to the sages) (charioteer, narrator)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, narrator (specifically Ugraśravas, son of Lomaharṣaṇa, narrator of Purāṇas and Mahābhārata)

related to sū (to generate/progenitor)

Root: sū (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Past tense verb.

जनमेजयः (janamejayaḥ) - King Janamejaya (Janamejaya (a king))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - a celebrated king, son of Parikṣit

jana (people) + meñj (to shake) + a (he who shakes/conquers people)

Note: Subject of `upāste`.

पारिक्षितः (pārikṣitaḥ) - (the) son of Parikṣit (son of Parikṣit)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārikṣita

pārikṣita - descendant of Parikṣit, son of Parikṣit

patronymic

from parikṣit + aṇ (taddhita suffix for descendant)

Note: Adjective modifying Janamejaya.

सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the instrumental case.

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - with his brothers (by brothers, with brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Used with `saha`.

कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in Kurukṣetra (the holy field) (in Kurukṣetra)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kurukṣetra

kurukṣetra - the field of the Kurus, a holy place

kuru (name of an ancient king/dynasty) + kṣetra (field)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+kṣetra)

• kuru – name of an ancient king or dynasty
  noun (masculine)
• kṣetra – field, ground, sacred place
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates the location of the sacrifice.

दीर्घसत्रम् (dīrghasatram) - a prolonged sacrificial session (a long sacrifice)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīrghasatra

dīrghasatra - a long sacrifice, a protracted sacrificial session

dīrgha (long) + satra (sacrificial session)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dīrgha+satra)

• dīrgha – long, lengthy
  adjective
• satra – sacrificial session, sacrifice, assembly
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of the verb `upāste`.

उपास्ते (upāste) - was performing (a sacrifice) (performs, attends, worships)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of ās

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: The verb describing Janamejaya's action.

तस्य (tasya) - his (Janamejaya's) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Possessive pronoun for Janamejaya.

भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - brothers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'were'.

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

Note: Adjective quantifying `bhrātaraḥ`.

श्रुतसेनः (śrutasenaḥ) - Śrutasena (Śrutasena (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutasena

śrutasena - a king, one of Janamejaya's brothers

śruta (heard) + senā (army) - one whose army is famous

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śruta+senā)

• śruta – heard, famous, known
  participle
  past passive participle
  from śru + kta
  Root: śru (class 5)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Noun in apposition to `bhrātaraḥ`.

उग्रसेनः (ugrasenaḥ) - Ugrasena (Ugrasena (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ugrasena

ugrasena - a king, one of Janamejaya's brothers

ugra (fierce) + senā (army) - one with a fierce army

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ugra+senā)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, powerful
  adjective
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Noun in apposition to `bhrātaraḥ`.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - a king, one of Janamejaya's brothers (not the Pāṇḍava Bhīma)

bhīma (terrible) + senā (army) - one with a terrible army

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Noun in apposition to `bhrātaraḥ`.

इति (iti) - (indicating enumeration) (thus, so, end quote)

(indeclinable)

Note: Concludes the list of brothers.