महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-165

अथोत्तङ्क उपाध्यायमभ्यवादयत् ।
तमुपाध्यायः प्रत्युवाच ।
वत्सोत्तङ्क स्वागतं ते ।
किं चिरं कृतमिति ॥१६५॥

165. athottaṅka upādhyāyamabhyavādayat ,
tamupādhyāyaḥ pratyuvāca ,
vatsottaṅka svāgataṁ te ,
kiṁ ciraṁ kṛtamiti.

165. atha uttaṅkaḥ upādhyāyam abhyavādayat tam upādhyāyaḥ
pratyuvāca vatsa uttaṅka svāgatam te kim ciram kṛtam iti

165. Then Uttanka bowed respectfully to his preceptor. The preceptor replied to him, 'My dear Uttanka, welcome! Why did it take so long?'

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

• उत्तङ्कः (uttaṅkaḥ) - Uttanka (Uttanka (proper name))

• उपाध्यायम् (upādhyāyam) - to the preceptor (to the teacher / preceptor)

• अभ्यवादयत् (abhyavādayat) - bowed respectfully (bowed, saluted respectfully)

• तम् (tam) - him (the preceptor) (him)

• उपाध्यायः (upādhyāyaḥ) - the preceptor (the teacher / preceptor)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied (replied, answered)

• वत्स (vatsa) - my dear one (vocative) (son, dear one, calf)

• उत्तङ्क (uttaṅka) - Uttanka (vocative) (Uttanka (proper name))

• स्वागतम् (svāgatam) - welcome

• ते (te) - to you (to you, for you)

• किम् (kim) - why (what, why)

• चिरम् (ciram) - for so long (for a long time)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - was done (done, made)

• इति (iti) - (marks the end of a quote or question) (thus, so, indicating a quote)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

उत्तङ्कः (uttaṅkaḥ) - Uttanka (Uttanka (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttaṅka

uttaṅka - Uttanka (name of a sage)

उपाध्यायम् (upādhyāyam) - to the preceptor (to the teacher / preceptor)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - teacher, preceptor

Derived from root iṇ (to go, study) with prefixes adhi and upa, referring to one who sits near (upa) a teacher for study (adhi-i) or teaches.

Root: iṇ (class 2)

अभ्यवादयत् (abhyavādayat) - bowed respectfully (bowed, saluted respectfully)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vad

causative

Causative of root vad with prefixes abhi and ava

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vad (class 1)

तम् (tam) - him (the preceptor) (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उपाध्यायः (upādhyāyaḥ) - the preceptor (the teacher / preceptor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - teacher, preceptor

Derived from root iṇ (to go, study) with prefixes adhi and upa, referring to one who sits near (upa) a teacher for study (adhi-i) or teaches.

Root: iṇ (class 2)

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied (replied, answered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense form of root vac with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

वत्स (vatsa) - my dear one (vocative) (son, dear one, calf)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa

vatsa - calf, child, son, dear one

उत्तङ्क (uttaṅka) - Uttanka (vocative) (Uttanka (proper name))

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of uttaṅka

uttaṅka - Uttanka (name of a sage)

स्वागतम् (svāgatam) - welcome

(adjective)

neuter, singular of svāgata

svāgata - welcome, well-come, fortunate, prosperous

past participle

Past passive participle of root gam with prefix ā, further prefixed by su

Prefixes: su+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

ते (te) - to you (to you, for you)

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: 'to you' in dative sense here

किम् (kim) - why (what, why)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an interrogative adverb meaning 'why'

चिरम् (ciram) - for so long (for a long time)

(indeclinable)

कृतम् (kṛtam) - was done (done, made)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

past participle

Past passive participle of root kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - (marks the end of a quote or question) (thus, so, indicating a quote)

(indeclinable)