महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-127

तं पौष्यः प्रत्युवाच ।
यस्मात्त्वमप्यदुष्टमन्नं दूषयसि तस्मादनपत्यो भविष्यसीति ॥१२७॥

127. taṁ pauṣyaḥ pratyuvāca ,
yasmāttvamapyaduṣṭamannaṁ dūṣayasi tasmādanapatyo bhaviṣyasīti.

127. tam pauṣyaḥ prati uvāca yasmāt tvam api aduṣṭam
annam dūṣayasi tasmāt anapatyaḥ bhaviṣyasi iti

127. Pauṣya replied to him, 'Because you condemn even faultless food, you shall become childless!'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Uttanka) (him, that)

• पौष्यः (pauṣyaḥ) - King Pauṣya (subject) (Pauṣya)

• प्रति (prati) - in return (indicating a reply) (towards, against, in return)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (to him, i.e., Uttanka) (said, spoke)

• यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (because, from which, for which reason)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Uttanka, subject of 'dūṣayasi') (you)

• अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the unblemished nature of the food) (also, even, too)

• अदुष्टम् (aduṣṭam) - faultless (food) (uncorrupted, faultless, unblemished)

• अन्नम् (annam) - faultless food (direct object of 'dūṣayasi') (food)

• दूषयसि (dūṣayasi) - you condemn (the food) (you pollute, you find fault with, you condemn)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (as a consequence) (therefore, from that)

• अनपत्यः (anapatyaḥ) - childless (predicative adjective) (childless)

• भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - you will become (childless) (you will be, you will become)

• इति (iti) - marks the end of the quoted speech (thus, so, end of quote)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Uttanka) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पौष्यः (pauṣyaḥ) - King Pauṣya (subject) (Pauṣya)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pauṣya

pauṣya - Pauṣya (a proper noun, name of a king)

प्रति (prati) - in return (indicating a reply) (towards, against, in return)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used as a verbal prefix in combination with uvāca (√vac).

उवाच (uvāca) - said (to him, i.e., Uttanka) (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of uvāca

Perfect tense form of √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

यस्मात् (yasmāt) - because (because, from which, for which reason)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Used as a causal adverbial, 'for which reason'.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Uttanka, subject of 'dūṣayasi') (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

अपि (api) - even (emphasizing the unblemished nature of the food) (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

अदुष्टम् (aduṣṭam) - faultless (food) (uncorrupted, faultless, unblemished)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aduṣṭa

aduṣṭa - uncorrupted, faultless, innocent, pure

Derived from 'a-' (negation) + 'duṣṭa' (corrupted, faulty, Past Passive Participle of √duṣ)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+duṣṭa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• duṣṭa – corrupted, faulty, bad, polluted
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past Passive Participle of √duṣ (to be corrupted)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)

अन्नम् (annam) - faultless food (direct object of 'dūṣayasi') (food)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, cooked rice, grain

Root: ad (class 2)

दूषयसि (dūṣayasi) - you condemn (the food) (you pollute, you find fault with, you condemn)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dūṣaya

causative

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice of the causative verb dūṣayati (to defile, spoil, condemn).

Root: duṣ (class 4)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (as a consequence) (therefore, from that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used as a causal adverbial, 'for that reason'.

अनपत्यः (anapatyaḥ) - childless (predicative adjective) (childless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anapatya

anapatya - childless, without progeny

Derived from 'an-' (negation) + 'apatya' (offspring, child)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+apatya)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
• apatya – offspring, progeny, child
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject complement for 'bhaviṣyasi'.

भविष्यसि (bhaviṣyasi) - you will become (childless) (you will be, you will become)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of bhū

Future tense, 2nd person singular, active voice of √bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

इति (iti) - marks the end of the quoted speech (thus, so, end of quote)

(indeclinable)