महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-173

यदपि तच्चक्रं द्वादशारं षट्कुमाराः परिवर्तयन्ति ते ऋतवः षट्संवत्सरश्चक्रम् ।
यः पुरुषः स पर्जन्यः ।
योऽश्वः सोऽग्निः ॥१७३॥

173. yadapi taccakraṁ dvādaśāraṁ ṣaṭkumārāḥ parivartayanti te ṛtavaḥ ṣaṭsaṁvatsaraścakram ,
yaḥ puruṣaḥ sa parjanyaḥ ,
yo'śvaḥ so'gniḥ.

173. yat api tat cakram dvādaśa āram | ṣaṭ
kumārāḥ parivartayanti | te ṛtavaḥ
ṣaṭ saṁvatsaraḥ ca cakram | yaḥ puruṣaḥ
saḥ parjanyaḥ | yaḥ aśvaḥ saḥ agniḥ

173. And that wheel which has twelve spokes, and which six boys revolve – those are the six seasons, and the wheel itself is the year. The man is Parjanya, and the horse is Agni.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - which (wheel) (which, what)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• तत् (tat) - that (wheel, previously mentioned implicitly) (that (demonstrative))

• चक्रम् (cakram) - the wheel (of time/year) (wheel)

• द्वादश_आरम् (dvādaśa_āram) - the wheel that has twelve spokes (twelve-spoked)

• षट् (ṣaṭ) - six

• कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - the 'six boys' who revolve the wheel (boys, youths)

• परिवर्तयन्ति (parivartayanti) - they (the boys) make the wheel turn (they revolve, they turn)

• ते (te) - those (boys) are (those; they are)

• ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) - the (six) seasons of the year (seasons)

• षट् (ṣaṭ) - referring to the six seasons (six)

• संवत्सरः (saṁvatsaraḥ) - the year itself, which is equated with the wheel (year)

• च (ca) - and

• चक्रम् (cakram) - the wheel (which is the year) (wheel)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (is the man) (who, which)

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the man (riding the bull) (man, male person)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the man) (he, that)

• पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - the deity Parjanya, who is identified with the man (Parjanya (god of rain))

• यः (yaḥ) - who (is the horse) (who, which)

• अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - the horse (mentioned in 37297) (horse)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the horse) (he, that)

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - the deity Agni, who is identified with the horse (Agni (god of fire))

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - which (wheel) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that (wheel, previously mentioned implicitly) (that (demonstrative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चक्रम् (cakram) - the wheel (of time/year) (wheel)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cakra

cakra - wheel, discus, circle; army, troop; a division of a country

द्वादश_आरम् (dvādaśa_āram) - the wheel that has twelve spokes (twelve-spoked)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvādaśāra

dvādaśāra - having twelve spokes

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvādaśa+āra)

• dvādaśa – twelve
  numeral
• āra – spoke (of a wheel)
  noun (masculine)

षट् (ṣaṭ) - six

(numeral)

कुमाराः (kumārāḥ) - the 'six boys' who revolve the wheel (boys, youths)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kumāra

kumāra - boy, youth; son; prince; the god Skanda

परिवर्तयन्ति (parivartayanti) - they (the boys) make the wheel turn (they revolve, they turn)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of parivart

causative

From root vṛt- 'to turn' with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛt (class 1)

ते (te) - those (boys) are (those; they are)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Here functioning as a copula 'they are'.

ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) - the (six) seasons of the year (seasons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛtu

ṛtu - fixed time, season; menses

षट् (ṣaṭ) - referring to the six seasons (six)

(numeral)

संवत्सरः (saṁvatsaraḥ) - the year itself, which is equated with the wheel (year)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṁvatsara

saṁvatsara - year; a specific year in a cycle

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

चक्रम् (cakram) - the wheel (which is the year) (wheel)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cakra

cakra - wheel, discus, circle; army, troop; a division of a country

यः (yaḥ) - who (is the man) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - the man (riding the bull) (man, male person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person; human being; spirit, self (in philosophy)

सः (saḥ) - he (the man) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - the deity Parjanya, who is identified with the man (Parjanya (god of rain))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parjanya

parjanya - rain, cloud; the god of rain and thunder

यः (yaḥ) - who (is the horse) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

अश्वः (aśvaḥ) - the horse (mentioned in 37297) (horse)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse, stallion; a person's name

सः (saḥ) - he (the horse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अग्निः (agniḥ) - the deity Agni, who is identified with the horse (Agni (god of fire))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire; the god of fire