महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-177

स उपाध्यायेनानुज्ञात उत्तङ्कः क्रुद्धस्तक्षकस्य
प्रतिचिकीर्षमाणो हास्तिनपुरं प्रतस्थे ॥१७७॥

177. sa upādhyāyenānujñāta uttaṅkaḥ kruddhastakṣakasya
praticikīrṣamāṇo hāstinapuraṁ pratasthe.

177. saḥ upādhyāyena anujñātaḥ uttaṅkaḥ kruddhaḥ
takṣakasya praticikīrṣamāṇaḥ hāstinapuram pratasthe

177. Having received permission from his teacher, Uttanka, enraged at Takṣaka and desiring revenge, departed for Hastinapura.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (Uttanka) (he)

• उपाध्यायेन (upādhyāyena) - by his teacher (by the teacher)

• अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted (permitted, allowed)

• उत्तङ्कः (uttaṅkaḥ) - Uttanka (Uttanka (a proper name))

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• तक्षकस्य (takṣakasya) - at Takṣaka (of Takṣaka, at Takṣaka)

• प्रतिचिकीर्षमाणः (praticikīrṣamāṇaḥ) - desiring revenge (desiring to retaliate, wishing to injure in return)

• हास्तिनपुरम् (hāstinapuram) - Hastinapura (Hastinapura (city name))

• प्रतस्थे (pratasthe) - he departed (he set out, he departed)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (Uttanka) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Uttanka.

उपाध्यायेन (upādhyāyena) - by his teacher (by the teacher)

(noun)

masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - teacher, preceptor

From root `i` with prefixes `upa` and `adhi`

Prefixes: upa+adhi

Root: i (class 2)

अनुज्ञातः (anujñātaḥ) - permitted (permitted, allowed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anujñāta

anujñāta - permitted, allowed, assented to

past passive participle

From root `jñā` with prefix `anu`

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with Uttanka.

उत्तङ्कः (uttaṅkaḥ) - Uttanka (Uttanka (a proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uttaṅka

uttaṅka - Uttanka (name of a sage)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

past passive participle

From root `krudh`

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Uttanka. Takes genitive `takṣakasya` for the object of anger.

तक्षकस्य (takṣakasya) - at Takṣaka (of Takṣaka, at Takṣaka)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of takṣaka

takṣaka - Takṣaka (name of a serpent king)

Note: Genitive used with `kruddhaḥ`.

प्रतिचिकीर्षमाणः (praticikīrṣamāṇaḥ) - desiring revenge (desiring to retaliate, wishing to injure in return)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praticikīrṣamāṇa

praticikīrṣamāṇa - desiring to retaliate, wishing to injure in return

desiderative present participle

From desiderative of root `kṛ` with prefix `prati`

Prefix: prati

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with Uttanka.

हास्तिनपुरम् (hāstinapuram) - Hastinapura (Hastinapura (city name))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hāstinapura

hāstinapura - Hastinapura (capital city of the Kurus)

Note: Indicates destination.

प्रतस्थे (pratasthe) - he departed (he set out, he departed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of prasthā

From root `sthā` with prefix `pra`

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)