महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-180

तस्मै जयाशिषः पूर्वं यथान्यायं प्रयुज्य सः ।
उवाचैनं वचः काले शब्दसंपन्नया गिरा ॥१८०॥

180. tasmai jayāśiṣaḥ pūrvaṁ yathānyāyaṁ prayujya saḥ ,
uvācainaṁ vacaḥ kāle śabdasaṁpannayā girā.

180. tasmai jayāśiṣaḥ pūrvaṃ yathānyāyaṃ prayujya
saḥ uvāca enam vacaḥ kāle śabdasampannayā girā

180. Having first offered him blessings for victory in accordance with custom, he then spoke these words to him at the appropriate time with a voice rich in articulate sounds.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to him (the king) (to him, to that)

• जयाशिषः (jayāśiṣaḥ) - blessings for victory

• पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - first, beforehand (first, before, formerly)

• यथान्यायं (yathānyāyaṁ) - in accordance with custom or propriety (according to justice, properly, duly)

• प्रयुज्य (prayujya) - having offered or bestowed (having employed, having used, having offered)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the sage, the speaker) (he, that)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he said, he spoke)

• एनम् (enam) - him (the king) (him, this one)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (these specific words) (word, speech, saying)

• काले (kāle) - at the appropriate time (at the time, in season, at the right moment)

• शब्दसम्पन्नया (śabdasampannayā) - endowed with articulate words or speech (endowed with words, rich in sound/speech)

• गिरा (girā) - with his speech or voice (by voice, by speech)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मै (tasmai) - to him (the king) (to him, to that)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

जयाशिषः (jayāśiṣaḥ) - blessings for victory

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of jayāśis

jayāśis - blessing of victory

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+āśis)

• jaya – victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root ji- 'to conquer'
  Root: ji (class 1)
• āśis – blessing, benediction, wish
  noun (feminine)
  action noun
  from root śās- 'to command, bless'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śās (class 2)

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - first, beforehand (first, before, formerly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use.

यथान्यायं (yathānyāyaṁ) - in accordance with custom or propriety (according to justice, properly, duly)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+nyāya)

• yathā – as, just as, in what manner
  indeclinable
• nyāya – rule, justice, custom, method
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  from root i- 'to go'
  Prefix: ni
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adverbial compound.

प्रयुज्य (prayujya) - having offered or bestowed (having employed, having used, having offered)

(indeclinable)

gerund (absolutive)

from root yuj- 'to join, apply'

Prefix: pra

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Expresses action completed before the main verb.

सः (saḥ) - he (the sage, the speaker) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the sage.

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

एनम् (enam) - him (the king) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king.

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (these specific words) (word, speech, saying)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

Note: Direct object of uvāca.

काले (kāle) - at the appropriate time (at the time, in season, at the right moment)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, proper time

शब्दसम्पन्नया (śabdasampannayā) - endowed with articulate words or speech (endowed with words, rich in sound/speech)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śabdasampanna

śabdasampanna - endowed with sound/words, articulate

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śabda+sampanna)

• śabda – sound, word, speech
  noun (masculine)
• sampanna – endowed with, complete, furnished with, accomplished
  adjective
  past passive participle
  from root pad- 'to go, fall'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'girā'.

गिरा (girā) - with his speech or voice (by voice, by speech)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of gir

gir - voice, speech, word