महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-132

नावनीतं हृदयं ब्राह्मणस्य वाचि क्षुरो निहितस्तीक्ष्णधारः ।
विपरीतमेतदुभयं क्षत्रियस्य वाङ्नावनीती हृदयं तीक्ष्णधारम् ॥१३२॥

132. nāvanītaṁ hṛdayaṁ brāhmaṇasya; vāci kṣuro nihitastīkṣṇadhāraḥ ,
viparītametadubhayaṁ kṣatriyasya; vāṅnāvanītī hṛdayaṁ tīkṣṇadhāram.

132. na avanītam hṛdayam brāhmaṇasya
vāci kṣuraḥ nihitaḥ tīkṣṇadhāraḥ
viparītam etat ubhayam kṣatriyasya
vāk na avanītī hṛdayam tīkṣṇadhāram

132. The heart of a Brahmin is soft like butter, but a sharp-edged razor is placed in their speech. For a Kshatriya, both of these are the opposite: their speech is not soft like butter, and their heart is sharp-edged.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - part of a double negative (na avanītam = not un-soft, i.e., soft) (not, no)

• अवनीतम् (avanītam) - soft, like butter (as 'not un-softened') (buttered, softened, un-buttered, un-softened)

• हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart, mind

• ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brahmin

• वाचि (vāci) - in speech, in words

• क्षुरः (kṣuraḥ) - razor

• निहितः (nihitaḥ) - placed, present (placed, fixed, contained)

• तीक्ष्णधारः (tīkṣṇadhāraḥ) - sharp-edged

• विपरीतम् (viparītam) - reversed, opposite, contrary

• एतत् (etat) - this

• उभयम् (ubhayam) - both (qualities) (both)

• क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a Kshatriya

• वाक् (vāk) - speech, word

• न (na) - not, no

• अवनीती (avanītī) - soft, like butter (here: not soft) (buttered, softened)

• हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart, mind

• तीक्ष्णधारम् (tīkṣṇadhāram) - sharp-edged

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - part of a double negative (na avanītam = not un-soft, i.e., soft) (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अवनीतम् (avanītam) - soft, like butter (as 'not un-softened') (buttered, softened, un-buttered, un-softened)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avanīta

avanīta - buttered, softened, (can also mean 'un-buttered' as a-vanīta, or 'brought down')

past passive participle

Derived from root 'van' with prefix 'a' or related to 'navanīta' (fresh butter). Here interpreted as 'softened/like butter'.

हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart, mind

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, core, essence

ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of a Brahmin

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

Derived from 'brahman'

वाचि (vāci) - in speech, in words

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word

Root: vac (class 2)

क्षुरः (kṣuraḥ) - razor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣura

kṣura - a razor, a knife

निहितः (nihitaḥ) - placed, present (placed, fixed, contained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhā

dhā - to place, to put, to hold, to grant

past passive participle

From root dhā with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: dhā (class 3)

तीक्ष्णधारः (tīkṣṇadhāraḥ) - sharp-edged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tīkṣṇadhāra

tīkṣṇadhāra - sharp-edged, having a sharp edge

Bahuvrīhi compound: tīkṣṇa (sharp) + dhāra (edge)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tīkṣṇa+dhāra)

• tīkṣṇa – sharp, keen, pungent
  adjective (masculine)
• dhāra – edge, stream, current
  noun (masculine)

विपरीतम् (viparītam) - reversed, opposite, contrary

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viparīta

viparīta - reversed, opposite, contrary, inverted

past passive participle

From root i (to go) with prefixes vi- and pari-

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: i (class 2)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

उभयम् (ubhayam) - both (qualities) (both)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ubhaya

ubhaya - both, twofold

क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a Kshatriya

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a Kshatriya, one belonging to the warrior/ruling class

Derived from 'kṣatra' (rule, power)

वाक् (vāk) - speech, word

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vāc

vāc - speech, voice, word

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अवनीती (avanītī) - soft, like butter (here: not soft) (buttered, softened)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avanītā

avanītā - buttered, softened, like butter

past passive participle

Feminine form of avanīta, here meaning 'softened' or 'like butter'.

हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart, mind

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, core, essence

तीक्ष्णधारम् (tīkṣṇadhāram) - sharp-edged

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tīkṣṇadhāra

tīkṣṇadhāra - sharp-edged, having a sharp edge

Bahuvrīhi compound: tīkṣṇa (sharp) + dhāra (edge)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tīkṣṇa+dhāra)

• tīkṣṇa – sharp, keen, pungent
  adjective (neuter)
• dhāra – edge, stream, current
  noun (neuter)