महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-193

एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु नृपतिस्तक्षकस्य चुकोप ह ।
उत्तङ्कवाक्यहविषा दीप्तोऽग्निर्हविषा यथा ॥१९३॥

193. etacchrutvā tu nṛpatistakṣakasya cukopa ha ,
uttaṅkavākyahaviṣā dīpto'gnirhaviṣā yathā.

193. etat śrutvā tu nṛpatiḥ takṣakasya cukopa ha
uttaṅkavākyahaviṣā dīptaḥ agniḥ haviṣā yathā

193. Having heard this, the king indeed became angry at Takṣaka, just as a fire is ignited by an oblation, so he was ignited by the offering of Uttanka's words.

193. כששמע זאת, המלך כעס על טַקְשַׁקַה. כמו אש המתלקחת מחמאה מזוקקת שנשפכת עליה, כך התלקח המלך מדברי אוּטַּנְקַה.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (story/account) (this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king (king, ruler of men)

• तक्षकस्य (takṣakasya) - of Takṣaka (of Takṣaka (a nāga king))

• चुकोप (cukopa) - became angry (became angry, was enraged)

• ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

• उत्तङ्कवाक्यहविषा (uttaṅkavākyahaviṣā) - by the offering of Uttanka's words (by the oblation of Uttanka's words)

• दीप्तः (dīptaḥ) - ignited, blazing (blazing, shining, inflamed)

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire

• हविषा (haviṣā) - by (an) oblation (of ghee) (by oblation, by ghee)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (story/account) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(verb)

active, past (ktvā) of śru

absolutive

root 'śru' + -tvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king (king, ruler of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

तक्षकस्य (takṣakasya) - of Takṣaka (of Takṣaka (a nāga king))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of takṣaka

takṣaka - Takṣaka (name of a serpent king)

Note: Often takes genitive with verbs of anger.

चुकोप (cukopa) - became angry (became angry, was enraged)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kup

Root: kup (class 4)

ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

उत्तङ्कवाक्यहविषा (uttaṅkavākyahaviṣā) - by the offering of Uttanka's words (by the oblation of Uttanka's words)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of uttaṅkavākyahavis

uttaṅkavākyahavis - oblation of Uttanka's words

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uttaṅka+vākya+havis)

• uttaṅka – Uttanka (name of a sage)
  noun (masculine)
• vākya – speech, word, sentence
  noun (neuter)
• havis – oblation, offering (especially of butter or ghee)
  noun (neuter)

Note: This is a karmadhāraya compound where Uttanka's words *are* the oblation.

दीप्तः (dīptaḥ) - ignited, blazing (blazing, shining, inflamed)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīpta

dīpta - blazing, shining, splendid, inflamed

past passive participle

root 'dīp' + -ta suffix

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'agniḥ'.

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

हविषा (haviṣā) - by (an) oblation (of ghee) (by oblation, by ghee)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of havis

havis - oblation, offering (especially of butter or ghee)

Note: Used in the simile to refer to the material oblation for fire.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

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