महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-193

एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु नृपतिस्तक्षकस्य चुकोप ह ।
उत्तङ्कवाक्यहविषा दीप्तोऽग्निर्हविषा यथा ॥१९३॥

193. etacchrutvā tu nṛpatistakṣakasya cukopa ha ,
uttaṅkavākyahaviṣā dīpto'gnirhaviṣā yathā.

193. etat śrutvā tu nṛpatiḥ takṣakasya cukopa ha
uttaṅkavākyahaviṣā dīptaḥ agniḥ haviṣā yathā

193. Having heard this, the king indeed became angry at Takṣaka, just as a fire is ignited by an oblation, so he was ignited by the offering of Uttanka's words.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (story/account) (this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king (king, ruler of men)

• तक्षकस्य (takṣakasya) - of Takṣaka (of Takṣaka (a nāga king))

• चुकोप (cukopa) - became angry (became angry, was enraged)

• ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

• उत्तङ्कवाक्यहविषा (uttaṅkavākyahaviṣā) - by the offering of Uttanka's words (by the oblation of Uttanka's words)

• दीप्तः (dīptaḥ) - ignited, blazing (blazing, shining, inflamed)

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire

• हविषा (haviṣā) - by (an) oblation (of ghee) (by oblation, by ghee)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (story/account) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(verb)

active, past (ktvā) of śru

absolutive

root 'śru' + -tvā suffix

Root: śru (class 5)

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - the king (king, ruler of men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

तक्षकस्य (takṣakasya) - of Takṣaka (of Takṣaka (a nāga king))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of takṣaka

takṣaka - Takṣaka (name of a serpent king)

Note: Often takes genitive with verbs of anger.

चुकोप (cukopa) - became angry (became angry, was enraged)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kup

Root: kup (class 4)

ह (ha) - indeed (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

उत्तङ्कवाक्यहविषा (uttaṅkavākyahaviṣā) - by the offering of Uttanka's words (by the oblation of Uttanka's words)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of uttaṅkavākyahavis

uttaṅkavākyahavis - oblation of Uttanka's words

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uttaṅka+vākya+havis)

• uttaṅka – Uttanka (name of a sage)
  noun (masculine)
• vākya – speech, word, sentence
  noun (neuter)
• havis – oblation, offering (especially of butter or ghee)
  noun (neuter)

Note: This is a karmadhāraya compound where Uttanka's words *are* the oblation.

दीप्तः (dīptaḥ) - ignited, blazing (blazing, shining, inflamed)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīpta

dīpta - blazing, shining, splendid, inflamed

past passive participle

root 'dīp' + -ta suffix

Root: dīp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'agniḥ'.

अग्निः (agniḥ) - fire

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

हविषा (haviṣā) - by (an) oblation (of ghee) (by oblation, by ghee)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of havis

havis - oblation, offering (especially of butter or ghee)

Note: Used in the simile to refer to the material oblation for fire.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)