महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-33

तमुपाध्यायः प्रेषयामास ।
वत्सोपमन्यो गा रक्षस्वेति ॥३३॥

33. tamupādhyāyaḥ preṣayāmāsa ,
vatsopamanyo gā rakṣasveti.

33. tam upādhyāyaḥ preṣayāmāsa
vatsa upamanyo gāḥ rakṣasva iti

33. The teacher sent him, saying, 'Dear Upamanyu, tend the cows!'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Upamanyu) (him, that (masc. acc. sg.))

• उपाध्यायः (upādhyāyaḥ) - the teacher (Dhaumya) (the teacher)

• प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - he sent (he sent, he dispatched)

• वत्स (vatsa) - dear (addressing Upamanyu) (dear child, darling)

• उपमन्यो (upamanyo) - O Upamanyu!

• गाः (gāḥ) - the cows (cows)

• रक्षस्व (rakṣasva) - tend (the cows)! (protect!, tend!)

• इति (iti) - quotative marker, marking the end of a speech (thus, so)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Upamanyu) (him, that (masc. acc. sg.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उपाध्यायः (upādhyāyaḥ) - the teacher (Dhaumya) (the teacher)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - teacher, preceptor

प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - he sent (he sent, he dispatched)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of iṣ

causative (from pra-√iṣ)

Periphrastic perfect of the causative of pra-√iṣ

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

वत्स (vatsa) - dear (addressing Upamanyu) (dear child, darling)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa

vatsa - calf, child, dear one

उपमन्यो (upamanyo) - O Upamanyu!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of upamanyu

upamanyu - Upamanyu (a proper name)

गाः (gāḥ) - the cows (cows)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

रक्षस्व (rakṣasva) - tend (the cows)! (protect!, tend!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of rakṣ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

इति (iti) - quotative marker, marking the end of a speech (thus, so)

(indeclinable)