महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-33

तमुपाध्यायः प्रेषयामास ।
वत्सोपमन्यो गा रक्षस्वेति ॥३३॥

33. tamupādhyāyaḥ preṣayāmāsa ,
vatsopamanyo gā rakṣasveti.

33. tam upādhyāyaḥ preṣayāmāsa
vatsa upamanyo gāḥ rakṣasva iti

33. The teacher sent him, saying, 'Dear Upamanyu, tend the cows!'

33. המורה שלח אותו ואמר לו, הו בני אוּפַּמַנְיוּ, שמור על הפרות.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Upamanyu) (him, that (masc. acc. sg.))

• उपाध्यायः (upādhyāyaḥ) - the teacher (Dhaumya) (the teacher)

• प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - he sent (he sent, he dispatched)

• वत्स (vatsa) - dear (addressing Upamanyu) (dear child, darling)

• उपमन्यो (upamanyo) - O Upamanyu!

• गाः (gāḥ) - the cows (cows)

• रक्षस्व (rakṣasva) - tend (the cows)! (protect!, tend!)

• इति (iti) - quotative marker, marking the end of a speech (thus, so)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Upamanyu) (him, that (masc. acc. sg.))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उपाध्यायः (upādhyāyaḥ) - the teacher (Dhaumya) (the teacher)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - teacher, preceptor

प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - he sent (he sent, he dispatched)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of iṣ

causative (from pra-√iṣ)

Periphrastic perfect of the causative of pra-√iṣ

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 4)

वत्स (vatsa) - dear (addressing Upamanyu) (dear child, darling)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa

vatsa - calf, child, dear one

उपमन्यो (upamanyo) - O Upamanyu!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of upamanyu

upamanyu - Upamanyu (a proper name)

गाः (gāḥ) - the cows (cows)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

रक्षस्व (rakṣasva) - tend (the cows)! (protect!, tend!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of rakṣ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

इति (iti) - quotative marker, marking the end of a speech (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

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