महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-146

जघन्यजस्तक्षकस्य श्रुतसेनेति यः श्रुतः ।
अवसद्यो महद्द्युम्नि प्रार्थयन्नागमुख्यताम् ।
करवाणि सदा चाहं नमस्तस्मै महात्मने ॥१४६॥

146. jaghanyajastakṣakasya śrutaseneti yaḥ śrutaḥ ,
avasadyo mahaddyumni prārthayannāgamukhyatām ,
karavāṇi sadā cāhaṁ namastasmai mahātmane.

146. jaghanjajaḥ takṣakasya śrutasena iti
yaḥ śrutaḥ avasaḥ yaḥ mahat dyumnī
prārthayan nāgamukhyatām karavāṇi
sadā ca aham namaḥ tasmai mahātmane

146. Takshaka's son, who was known as Shrutasena, who was a glorious dweller, desiring the chief position among the Nagas—to that great soul, I always offer my salutations.

Words meanings summery:

• जघन्जजः (jaghanjajaḥ) - son (referring to Ashvasena as Takshaka's son) (youngest, son, born of the lower part)

• तक्षकस्य (takṣakasya) - of Takshaka

• श्रुतसेन (śrutasena) - Shrutasena (Shrutasena (proper name))

• इति (iti) - thus, as (introducing a name) (thus, so, as)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - known, famous (known, heard)

• अवसः (avasaḥ) - dweller, resident (dweller, resident, dwelling)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, mighty)

• द्युम्नी (dyumnī) - greatly splendid (modifying 'yaḥ') (possessing splendor, glorious, powerful)

• प्रार्थयन् (prārthayan) - desiring, aspiring to (desiring, requesting, praying)

• नागमुख्यताम् (nāgamukhyatām) - the chief position among the Nagas (the state of being chief of serpents)

• करवाणि (karavāṇi) - I should perform (salutations) (I should do/make/perform)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever)

• च (ca) - and

• अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

• नमः (namaḥ) - salutations (salutation, obeisance)

• तस्मै (tasmai) - to that (to that, for that)

• महात्मने (mahātmane) - to that great soul (Shrutasena) (to the great soul)

Words meanings and morphology

जघन्जजः (jaghanjajaḥ) - son (referring to Ashvasena as Takshaka's son) (youngest, son, born of the lower part)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaghanjaja

jaghanjaja - born of the hind part, younger, youngest, a son

from jaghana (hind part) + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaghana+ja)

• jaghana – hind part, buttock
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• ja – born, produced, generated (adjective/suffix)
  adjective (masculine)
  kṛt suffix
  from root jan- (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

तक्षकस्य (takṣakasya) - of Takshaka

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of takṣaka

takṣaka - a carpenter, a shaper, a proper name (of a Naga king)

agent noun

from root takṣ- (to cut, to shape)

Root: takṣ (class 1)

श्रुतसेन (śrutasena) - Shrutasena (Shrutasena (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutasena

śrutasena - having a glorious army, proper name

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śruta+senā)

• śruta – heard, known, famous
  adjective (masculine)
  past participle
  from root śru- (to hear)
  Root: śru (class 5)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

इति (iti) - thus, as (introducing a name) (thus, so, as)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - known, famous (known, heard)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened to, known, famous

past participle

from root śru- (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

अवसः (avasaḥ) - dweller, resident (dweller, resident, dwelling)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avasa

avasa - dwelling, resident, abode, protection

agent noun / nominalization

from root vas- (to dwell)

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Used here as an adjective or predicate nominative modifying 'yaḥ'.

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the same individual as the previous 'yaḥ'.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, mighty)

(adjective)

of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, excellent

Note: First part of the compound 'mahad-dyumnī'.

द्युम्नी (dyumnī) - greatly splendid (modifying 'yaḥ') (possessing splendor, glorious, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dyumnin

dyumnin - splendid, glorious, powerful, wealthy

from dyumna (splendor) + -in (possessive suffix)

Note: Forms a compound `mahad-dyumnī`.

प्रार्थयन् (prārthayan) - desiring, aspiring to (desiring, requesting, praying)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prārthayat

prārthayat - desiring, requesting (present participle)

present participle

from root arth- (to ask, to request) with prefixes pra- and ā-

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: arth (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'yaḥ'.

नागमुख्यताम् (nāgamukhyatām) - the chief position among the Nagas (the state of being chief of serpents)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nāgamukhyatā

nāgamukhyatā - chief-ship of serpents, supremacy among Nagas

from nāga (serpent) + mukhya (chief) + -tā (suffix for abstract noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nāga+mukhyatā)

• nāga – serpent, snake, elephant
  noun (masculine)
• mukhyatā – chief-ness, supremacy, excellence
  noun (feminine)
  from mukhya (chief) + -tā

Note: Object of 'prārthayan'.

करवाणि (karavāṇi) - I should perform (salutations) (I should do/make/perform)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of kṛ

verb

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Signifies intention or wish of the speaker.

सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'karavāṇi'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I (the speaker) (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'karavāṇi'.

नमः (namaḥ) - salutations (salutation, obeisance)

(indeclinable)

Root: nam (class 1)

तस्मै (tasmai) - to that (to that, for that)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to Shrutasena, the 'great soul'.

महात्मने (mahātmane) - to that great soul (Shrutasena) (to the great soul)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, sublime, a great being

from mahat (great) + ātman (self/soul)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tasmai'.