महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-20

स एकं शिष्यमारुणिं पाञ्चाल्यं प्रेषयामास ।
गच्छ केदारखण्डं बधानेति ॥२०॥

20. sa ekaṁ śiṣyamāruṇiṁ pāñcālyaṁ preṣayāmāsa ,
gaccha kedārakhaṇḍaṁ badhāneti.

20. saḥ ekam śiṣyam āruṇim pāñcālyam
preṣayāmāsa gaccha kedārakhaṇḍam badhāna iti

20. He sent a disciple named Aruni from Pañcāla, instructing him, "Go and repair the field embankment."

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (the teacher Dhaumya) (he, that)

• एकम् (ekam) - a (single) (one, a)

• शिष्यम् (śiṣyam) - disciple (disciple, student)

• आरुणिम् (āruṇim) - Aruni (proper name) (Aruni (name))

• पाञ्चाल्यम् (pāñcālyam) - from Pañcāla (a region) (belonging to Pañcāla, a resident of Pañcāla)

• प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - sent (sent, dispatched)

• गच्छ (gaccha) - Go! (imperative command) (go!)

• केदारखण्डम् (kedārakhaṇḍam) - the field embankment (referring to a break or part needing repair) (field embankment, section of an irrigated field)

• बधान (badhāna) - repair (the embankment), block (the breach) (bind, fasten, block, repair)

• इति (iti) - (marks the end of a quotation) (thus, so, in this manner)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (the teacher Dhaumya) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एकम् (ekam) - a (single) (one, a)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, unique

Note: Modifies 'śiṣyam'

शिष्यम् (śiṣyam) - disciple (disciple, student)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, pupil, student

agent noun

From root śās (to teach/discipline) + ya suffix

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Object of 'preṣayāmāsa'

आरुणिम् (āruṇim) - Aruni (proper name) (Aruni (name))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āruṇi

āruṇi - Name of a sage, a disciple of Dhaumya

Note: Appositive to 'śiṣyam'

पाञ्चाल्यम् (pāñcālyam) - from Pañcāla (a region) (belonging to Pañcāla, a resident of Pañcāla)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāñcālya

pāñcālya - related to Pañcāla, inhabitant of Pañcāla, a king of Pañcāla

Taddhita derivation from pañcāla + ya suffix

प्रेषयामास (preṣayāmāsa) - sent (sent, dispatched)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of preṣ

Causative + Perfect tense

Periphrastic perfect, formed with causative stem of root iṣ ('eṣaya') + ām + perfect of ās (āmāsa)

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

गच्छ (gaccha) - Go! (imperative command) (go!)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Imperative form of root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

केदारखण्डम् (kedārakhaṇḍam) - the field embankment (referring to a break or part needing repair) (field embankment, section of an irrigated field)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kedārakhaṇḍa

kedārakhaṇḍa - a section of an irrigated field, a piece of arable land, a part of a field-embankment

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kedāra+khaṇḍa)

• kedāra – irrigated field, cultivated field, basin for water around the foot of a tree
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• khaṇḍa – piece, part, section, division, break, fragment
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  Root: khaṇḍ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'badhāna'

बधान (badhāna) - repair (the embankment), block (the breach) (bind, fasten, block, repair)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active (ātmanepada), imperative (loṭ) of bandh

Imperative form of root bandh (ātmanepada)

Root: bandh (class 9)

इति (iti) - (marks the end of a quotation) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)