महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-2

तेषु तत्सत्रमुपासीनेषु तत्र श्वाभ्यागच्छत्सारमेयः ।
स जनमेजयस्य भ्रातृभिरभिहतो रोरूयमाणो मातुः समीपमुपागच्छत् ॥२॥

2. teṣu tatsatramupāsīneṣu tatra śvābhyāgacchatsārameyaḥ ,
sa janamejayasya bhrātṛbhirabhihato rorūyamāṇo mātuḥ samīpamupāgacchat.

2. teṣu tat satram upāsīneṣu tatra
śvā abhyāgacchat sārameyaḥ sa
janamejayasya bhrātṛbhiḥ abhihataḥ
rorūyamāṇaḥ mātuḥ samīpam upāgacchat

2. While they were engaged in that sacrifice, a dog approached there. Struck by Janamejaya's brothers, it came near its mother, wailing loudly.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषु (teṣu) - while they (Janamejaya and brothers) (among them, in them)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the `dīrghasatra`) (that)

• सत्रम् (satram) - (that) sacrifice (sacrifice, sacrificial session)

• उपासीनेषु (upāsīneṣu) - while engaged in (performing the sacrifice) (engaged in, performing, seated near)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (at Kurukṣetra) (there, at that place)

• श्वा (śvā) - a dog (dog)

• अभ्यागच्छत् (abhyāgacchat) - approached (approached, came near)

• सारमेयः (sārameyaḥ) - (a) dog (an offspring of Saramā, the celestial dog) (dog, offspring of Saramā (mythical dog))

• स (sa) - that (dog) (he, that)

• जनमेजयस्य (janamejayasya) - of Janamejaya

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by (Janamejaya's) brothers (by brothers)

• अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck, beaten (struck, hit, beaten)

• रोरूयमाणः (rorūyamāṇaḥ) - wailing loudly, lamenting (wailing loudly, crying repeatedly)

• मातुः (mātuḥ) - (its) mother's (of the mother, to the mother)

• समीपम् (samīpam) - near (the presence of) (proximity, near)

• उपागच्छत् (upāgacchat) - came near (approached, came near)

Words meanings and morphology

तेषु (teṣu) - while they (Janamejaya and brothers) (among them, in them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Part of locative absolute.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the `dīrghasatra`) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with `satram`.

सत्रम् (satram) - (that) sacrifice (sacrifice, sacrificial session)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satra

satra - sacrificial session, sacrifice, assembly

from sad (to sit) + tra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Governs `upāsīneṣu`.

उपासीनेषु (upāsīneṣu) - while engaged in (performing the sacrifice) (engaged in, performing, seated near)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, plural of upāsīna

upāsīna - seated near, engaged in, devoted to, performing

present middle participle

from upa-ās (to sit near/attend) + śānac

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Adjective to `teṣu`.

तत्र (tatra) - there (at Kurukṣetra) (there, at that place)

(indeclinable)

from tad + tral

Note: Adverb of place.

श्वा (śvā) - a dog (dog)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

Note: Subject of `abhyāgacchat`.

अभ्यागच्छत् (abhyāgacchat) - approached (approached, came near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb for the dog's action.

सारमेयः (sārameyaḥ) - (a) dog (an offspring of Saramā, the celestial dog) (dog, offspring of Saramā (mythical dog))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sārameya

sārameya - dog, son of Saramā (mythical dog of Indra)

patronymic

from saramā + ḍhak (taddhita suffix)

Note: Apposition to `śvā`.

स (sa) - that (dog) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the second clause.

जनमेजयस्य (janamejayasya) - of Janamejaya

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - a celebrated king, son of Parikṣit

Note: Qualifies `bhrātṛbhiḥ`.

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - by (Janamejaya's) brothers (by brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Agent of the passive participle `abhihataḥ`.

अभिहतः (abhihataḥ) - struck, beaten (struck, hit, beaten)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhihata

abhihata - struck, hit, beaten, wounded

past passive participle

from abhi-han (to strike) + kta

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying `sa` (the dog).

रोरूयमाणः (rorūyamāṇaḥ) - wailing loudly, lamenting (wailing loudly, crying repeatedly)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rorūyamāṇa

rorūyamāṇa - crying loudly, wailing, repeatedly crying

present middle participle (intensive)

from ru (to cry) + yaṅ (intensive) + śānac (middle participle)

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Adjective modifying `sa` (the dog), describing its state while approaching.

मातुः (mātuḥ) - (its) mother's (of the mother, to the mother)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Qualifies `samīpam`.

समीपम् (samīpam) - near (the presence of) (proximity, near)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samīpa

samīpa - near, proximity, vicinity

sa (with) + īpa (root meaning 'to obtain' or related to 'near')

Note: Object of `upāgacchat`.

उपागच्छत् (upāgacchat) - came near (approached, came near)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Main verb for the dog's action in the second clause.