महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-3, verse-34

स उपाध्यायवचनादरक्षद्गाः ।
स चाहनि गा रक्षित्वा दिवसक्षयेऽभ्यागम्योपाध्यायस्याग्रतः स्थित्वा नमश्चक्रे ॥३४॥

34. sa upādhyāyavacanādarakṣadgāḥ ,
sa cāhani gā rakṣitvā divasakṣaye'bhyāgamyopādhyāyasyāgrataḥ sthitvā namaścakre.

34. sa upādhyāya-vacanāt arakṣat
gāḥ sa ca ahani gāḥ rakṣitvā
divasa-kṣaye abhyāgamya upādhyāyasya
agrataḥ sthitvā namaḥ cakre

34. He protected the cows according to the teacher's instruction. And having protected the cows during the day, he approached at the end of the day, stood before the teacher, and offered obeisance.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - He (Upamanyu) (he, that)

• उपाध्याय-वचनात् (upādhyāya-vacanāt) - according to the teacher's instruction (from the teacher's word/instruction)

• अरक्षत् (arakṣat) - he protected (he protected, he guarded)

• गाः (gāḥ) - the cows (cows)

• स (sa) - He (Upamanyu) (he, that)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अहनि (ahani) - during the day (in the day, during the day)

• गाः (gāḥ) - the cows (cows)

• रक्षित्वा (rakṣitvā) - having protected (the cows) (having protected, having guarded)

• दिवस-क्षये (divasa-kṣaye) - at the end of the day (at the end of the day, at day's decline)

• अभ्यागम्य (abhyāgamya) - having approached (the teacher) (having approached)

• उपाध्यायस्य (upādhyāyasya) - of the teacher (Dhaumya) (of the teacher)

• अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of (the teacher) (in front of, before)

• स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having stood (having stood, having remained)

• नमः (namaḥ) - obeisance (obeisance, salutation)

• चक्रे (cakre) - he offered (obeisance) (he made, he did, he performed)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - He (Upamanyu) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

उपाध्याय-वचनात् (upādhyāya-vacanāt) - according to the teacher's instruction (from the teacher's word/instruction)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of upādhyāya-vacana

upādhyāya-vacana - teacher's word/instruction

Compound type : tatpurusha (upādhyāya+vacana)

• upādhyāya – teacher, preceptor
  noun (masculine)
• vacana – word, speech, command, instruction
  noun (neuter)

अरक्षत् (arakṣat) - he protected (he protected, he guarded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of rakṣ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

गाः (gāḥ) - the cows (cows)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

स (sa) - He (Upamanyu) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अहनि (ahani) - during the day (in the day, during the day)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

गाः (gāḥ) - the cows (cows)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

रक्षित्वा (rakṣitvā) - having protected (the cows) (having protected, having guarded)

(indeclinable participle)

दिवस-क्षये (divasa-kṣaye) - at the end of the day (at the end of the day, at day's decline)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of divasa-kṣaya

divasa-kṣaya - day's end, decline of day

Compound type : tatpurusha (divasa+kṣaya)

• divasa – day
  noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – end, decline, destruction, loss
  noun (masculine)

अभ्यागम्य (abhyāgamya) - having approached (the teacher) (having approached)

(indeclinable participle)

उपाध्यायस्य (upādhyāyasya) - of the teacher (Dhaumya) (of the teacher)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of upādhyāya

upādhyāya - teacher, preceptor

अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of (the teacher) (in front of, before)

(indeclinable)

स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having stood (having stood, having remained)

(indeclinable participle)

नमः (namaḥ) - obeisance (obeisance, salutation)

(noun)

neuter, singular of namas

namas - bow, obeisance, salutation, homage

चक्रे (cakre) - he offered (obeisance) (he made, he did, he performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)